INTROD UCTION. 



legs, all of which are necessarily in relation with particular habits ; 

 and his constant endeavour is to detect and define, with brevity 

 and precision, the most prominent featufes whereby different 

 races are distinguishable. 



Fig. 



-Figure of a Bird, showing its Technical Division? 



A, Dorsal region : 12, upper 

 mandible ; a, the apex ; b, the 

 cuhnen ; c, the nostrils. G, The 

 Head : d, the forehead ; e, the 

 verte.v;y, the occiput. ^, The 

 Nape : comprehending n, the 

 upper neck ; i', the lower neck. 

 C, The Back: to, the inter- 

 scapular space ; y, the back 

 proper ; s, the rump. A', The 

 Tail. B, The Ventral region : 

 comprising, 13, the lower man- 

 dible ; g, the ape.K ; h, the go- 

 nys. H, The Throat : s, the 

 throat proper ; r, the jugulum 

 X, The Breast. D, The Ab 

 domen : divided into o, the 

 epigastrium. P, The Belly 

 q, the crissum or vent. The 

 Neck (I) comprehends the 

 whole region between the head 

 and the trunk. The head i-> 

 further divided into (lu) the 

 ophthalmic region, (l> the su 

 praciliary region, ^^^the cheel , 

 <n) the parotid region, and (j) 

 thelorum. The Sidesor Flanks 

 ( F) are those parts covered by 

 the wings when closed. 



The feathers which cover or 

 which form the wings are dis 

 tinguished into Tcctrices, ci 

 wing-coverts ; Reiiiiges, cr 

 quill-feathers : and thumb fea 

 ihers (2), the last of which con 

 stitute the " bastard wing. 

 The Tcctrices are divided into 

 the small wing-coverts (i), the 

 middle wing-coverts (i'), ami 

 the large wing-coverts (i") 

 The Remiges are called pri 

 maries (3), or secondaries (3') 

 The wing itself is divided into 

 the shoulder (4), and the elbou 



1 he legs, at their junction 

 with the tarsus (6), form the 

 heel. The tarsus may be dis- 

 tinguished into a hinder por- 

 tion (7), and an anterior portion (8). 



The foot is divisible into the thumb, or hallux (g), and the toes (10), which are terminated by tho 

 claws (11). 



In order to render such descriptions intelligible to the general 

 reader, it will be necessary not only to map out, as it were, the 

 several parts that characterize the objects of our stud}-, but to 

 employ words and phrases of distinct and limited meaning, as 

 expressions of the peculiarities they exhibit ; we need, therefore, 



