Hymenopterous Parasites of Coleoptera. 59 
On an old elm log full of S. destructor, at Wherstead in 
Suffolk, several 22 of Cheiropachus quadrum were found 
on May 3rd, 1904 [C. M.]. 
239. Scolytus intricatus, Ratz. 
Its author indicates as preying upon this borer (Ichn. d. 
Forst. i, 23) Elachestus leucogramma (ii, 174), bred by 
Nordlinger at Grand Jouan in June with Hulophus 
albipes®®; Hurytoma eccoptogastri, Pachyceros  eccopto- 
gastri 4 (1,280) of which a single ? was bred in July, 
Pteromalus binevius*" and Cleonymus pulchellus; adding 
(ii, 214) Bracon protuberans, bred from this host (ii, 32) 
in oaks at Hohenheim and by M. V. Audouin from larvze 
of Hecoptogaster pygmaeus; Spathius rugosus (11, 44), a unique 
specimen bred by Nordlinger in spring; Hurytoma striolata 
(ii, 177), a 2 bred by the same observer at Grand Jouan ; 
Pteromalus limaculatus (ef. Xylopertha sinuata, ante), 
Roptrocerus eccoptogastrt and, doubtfully,. Helcon carinator. 
240, Scolytus multistriatus, Marsh, 
Laboulbéne records from this species Meteorus brevipes, 
Wesm., Coloides scolyticida, Wesm., Dendrosoter protuberans, 
Nees, and Cheiropachus quadrum, Walk. Ratzeburg only 
gives Hlachestus lewcogramma (Ichn. d. Forst. u, 174), 
Pteromalus bimaculatus and P. brunnicans (11, 188), all bred 
by Nordlinger in France. Marshall is somewhat sceptical 
of its being the host of Metcorus albicornis, Ruthe (Bracon. 
d’Europ. 1, 101), on account of their relative size. Mr. 
C. T. Gimingham has bred several Cheiropachus quadrum 
the larva, pupa, or imago of Scolytus.... Leaving it to future 
examination to decide the true genus and relations of these vermicles, 
I shall here merely observe, in addition to what has been above said, 
that I have found them upon a large proportion of the pupe of Scolytus 
destructor, and occasionally on some of the larve in an advanced 
stage of growth, and also on the pup of Hylesinus fraxini ; and in 
such distant localities, and at such different periods of the year, that 
I am persuaded that their occurrence was not accidental, but that 
they are true external parasites, of the family of Scolytidx in the 
pupa (and partly in the larva) state,in which, however, they do 
not seem materially to injure them, nor prevent them from becoming 
perfect insects.” (Introd. 7th Ed., 1859, pp. 122-3 ; cf. also Spence, 
Trans. Ent. Soe. 11, Proc. xv.) The presence of granular molecules 
certainly points to a hymenopterous origin of these vermicles, in 
which case, however, they would have a very decidedly prejudicial 
effect upon the beetles’ final ecdysis. 
