Hymenopterous Parasites of Coleoptera. 61 
Kecoptogaster rugulosus, and its 2 was raised by Bouché 
(i, 191) from the same host, as has been P. bimaculatus ! 
and Storthygocerus subulifer®°> (i, 214). Dr. Giraud 
instances from C. rugulosus, EHucoila minuta, Gir., Teleas 
punctata, Gir., and Diapria nigra, Nees. Reinhard bred 
his Doryctes pomarius from a tree containing these, among 
other beetles. Bouché bred Cenocoelius analis, Nees, from 
S. rugulosus’ boring in an apple tree, and Goureau says 
that his Blacus fuscipes attacks these beetles in their holes 
in apple trunks and “fait périr un grand nombre de 
victimes, chaque femelle de lacus en detruisant autant 
qu'elle a d’ceufs & poudre.” 
244, Hylastes palliatus, Gyll. 
Herr Saxesen found larvee of Pteromalus spinole (Ichn. 
d. Forst. i, 189 et 11, 193) on the external surface of spruce 
borers, especially B. typographus and Hylesinus palliatus, 
and thought them the commonest and most effective of 
their foes; though he also found the larvee of Pachyceras 
aylophagorum *!* (i, 218) to be a numerous external para- 
site of the same beetles, in the Hartz. Pteromalus emulus 
is also indicated (i, 215) as a doubtful parasite of this 
species, 
245, Hylesinus, 
Eulophus hylesinorwm*® is recorded by Ratzeburg (did. 
cit, 1, 28) from an unspecified individual of this genus. 
246. Hylesinus crenatus, Fab. 
Nordlinger at Stuttgart discovered that Mesostenus 
brachycentrus® (Ichn. d. Forst. ii, 142) was parasitic in 
the borings of H. crenatus and pupated towards the end of 
May: “it is true,” says Ratzeburg, “that there were there 
1 As illustrative of the diversity of this species’ hosts, lib. cit. ii, 
pp. 187-8 may be quoted : ‘‘ This insect emerged from an oak stick 
in which, besides Callidiwm fennicum, Apate sinuata and Eccopto- 
gaster intricatus had lived. ... In July 1846 fresh wood from a 
two-inch apricot tree was caged in which Kec, rugulosus had numer- 
ously bored ; already in March 1847 several Pteromali had appeared 
with the sparsely emerging beetles, but fresh ones were bred in the 
middle of May and even until well into July... Lastly a new and 
very interesting breeding is to be mentioned: Nordlinger at Grand 
Jouan raised it out of Bostrichus villosus in oak, and again out of 
Eccoptogaster scolytus and multistriatus in June 1843.” 
