Entomology in N.W. Spain. 159 
English specimens, if closely and sympathetically examined. 
I propose casaiacus as a varietal name for this race. 
At Brafiuelas Cenonympha iphioides was very abundant 
in all the swampy hollows that occurred on the frequent 
little streams; they were rather over at the time of our 
visit. 
At Casayo, at one point on a slope a little further on 
than the best locality for LZ. argus, var. casaiacus, a good 
many specimens of Hrebia palarica were seen, and they 
occurred less freely as far along that valley as we extended 
our excursions. They also were unfortunately in some- 
what bad condition (first week in July). They were 
therefore about a fortnight earlier than we found them at 
Pajares, and more close to the dates recorded by Mrs, 
Nicholl on the Picos de Europa. 
We saw no trace of Hrebia stygne. Casayo is about 130 
miles from the Picos de Europa, and about 100 miles from 
Pajares. It is moreover in Galicia, so that its discovery 
here gives a large extension to its known habitat, which 
is no doubt all suitable places in the Cantabrian mountains 
for something like 150 miles. These Galician palarica 
are a slightly larger, finer race than those taken at Pajares. 
Measured as set, which is 2 to 3 mm. less than the true 
expanse, in order to compare them fairly with measure- 
ments given in Trans. Ent. Soc. 1905, p. 33, 4 out of 
12 g¢ examples are respectively 61, 62, 68 and 65 
(accurately 67:4) mm. in expanse, to compare with the 
2 (out of 115) largest from Pajares of 61mm. The others 
range down to 53 mm., identical with the smallest from 
Pajares, the mean being 58°8 mm. as against 57:2 for the 
Leon specimens. Three 2 are 57, 57,58 mm., practically 
identical with Pajares specimens which average 57°25. 
So far as these rather poor specimens can be compared, 
there seems to be no difference in markings or coloration. 
We saw no other H7ebias except two very worn evias at 
Casayo, of 47 and 48 mm. expanse, probably very late 
specimens of the low-level form. 
Melitxa athalia was largely in very poor condition, so 
that only about a score were brought home. They vary 
in size from 37 mm. to 52 mm. Some are very dark 
and suffused, several vary in the tints of the bands of 
light brown, and look both in this respect and in wing 
outline so like phwbe, that they were so considered at 
first glance by entomologists who examined them, the 
