a ar 
Life History of Tetropium gabrieli. 185 
thorax, disc shining, closely and rather finely punctured, duller at 
sides which are punctate-granulate, basal margin obsoletely raised ; 
elytra black, dull, with three more or less raised longitudinal lines, 
golden or grey pubescence on basal third more or less pronounced : 
¢d with joints of front tarsi and femora broader, and antenne longer 
than 9°. T. gabrieli, Ws. 
Long. 10-16 mm. 
Var. a. Elytra obscurely ferruginous, femora black, tibiae and 
tarsi pitchy-red. 
Var. b (= T. crawshayi, Sharp). Elytra black, femora black, tibize 
and tarsi pitchy-red. 
In England, 7. gabrielit, type form, known by its red 
legs, is In my experience local. Var. a, described by Herr 
Weise as bearing obscurely ferruginous elytra and black 
femora, has not occurred; and var. b, distinguished by its 
black elytra and black femora, I have found wherever I 
have searched for it where there has been a reasonable 
amount of Larix europea. 
It seems likely that the species has been widely estab- 
lished in this country since Larch began to be generally 
planted for its economic value, about a century ago. 
At the same time, it may have established itself at an 
earlier date still, for Larch has been grown for ornamental 
purposes in England for over two centuries. 
T. gabrielt may be distinguished from 7’, luridwm both 
by the canaliculate frons of the latter and, as Dr. Sharp 
has pointed out, the more strongly-raised basal margin of 
its thorax. 
I observe, also, the head and thorax are considerably 
more shining in /wridwm owing to a more sparing punctu- 
ation, especially on the disc of the latter, a good character 
which has hitherto escaped notice. 
In this brightness of the thorax gabrieli is intermediate 
between fuscum and luridwm, fuscum being the dullest of 
the three. 
From fuscum, gabrielt may be known by the dull head 
and thorax of the former, due to a coarser punctuation, 
and also to granulation on the disc, which latter character 
is absent in gabriela and luridum. 
Also the thorax in jwsewm is always more coarsely 
pubescent than in gabrieli and luridwm, and its band of 
pubescence on the basal third of the elytra nearly always 
more clearly defined. 
