I2 ELEMENTS OF ORNITHOLOGY. 
Grouse that their English name is misleading. They constitute 
the two genera termed Pterocles and Syrrhaptes. The one which 
is found in Spain (Pterocles arenarius) may be considered the 
type. These Birds are inhabitants of Asia and Africa, but one 
species, Pallas’s Sand-grouse (Syrrhaptes paradoxus), sometimes 

Pallas’s Sand-grouse (Syrrhaptes paradocus). 
inigrates to Europe and into our own country. It first did so in 
very large numbers in 1863, and it seemed as if it would 
become a truly British Bird—a very interesting fact as bearing 
upon the general question of the geographical distribution of 
species. Nevertheless it has now disappeared. 
A certain superficial resemblance, at the least, has been recog- 
nized as existing amongst all the Birds which have been as yet 
herein noticed by us. As the type of this assemblage may be 
taken that form with which we started, the Fowl; and as the 
generic name of the Fowl is Gallus, this whole assemblage or 
group of species have been, and still are, very commonly spoken 
of as Gallinaceous Birds. 
Only less familiar than the Common Fowlis the Pigeon, which 
forms the type of another smaller, though still considerable, 
group of very attractive Birds, the close resemblance of which 
to one another must strike the most casual observer. They are 
fruit-eating and grain-eating, monogamous Birds, of which there 
are about 360 different species. Their geographical head- 
quarters are in and near New Guinea. About 120 species are 
found in the Indian Archipelago, while less than a quarter of 
that number exist either in the continent of India or Australia. 
Above 40 species are African, while at least 80 exist in either 
North or South America. 
