240 ELEMENTS OF ORNITHOLOGY. 
IV. The East-African or Mozambique subregion, including 
East Africa between Abyssinia and the watershed of the Zam- 
besi, and extending for an uncertain distance westwards. 
V. The Madagascar subregion, or Madagascar and the more 
adjacent islands. 
The INDIAN region comprises all India south of the Hima- 
laya and the rest of Asia south of the Yang-tze-kiang, with 
the southern part of Japan and the Indian Archipelago down 
to and including the islands of Bali, Borneo, and the Philip- 
pines. 
This vast region seems to consist of two subregions :— 
I. The Jndo-Chinese subregion, being the Indian Peninsula 
or the Indian region north of the Malay Peninsula. 
Il. The Malayan subregion, or the Indian region south of 
Tenasserim, with the Philippine and Sunda Islands, but exclud- 
ing Celebes and islands east of the line drawn by Wallace *. 
The NEARCTIC region consists of North America down to 
about the Tropic of Cancer in the lowlands, but much further 
south along the mountains of Central America. It also includes 
the Bermudas and the Aleutian Isles. The latter, however, 
like Alaska, show a Palearctic element. 
This region cannot be satisfactorily divided into Ornitholo- 
gical subregions ; but certain districts, or provinces, may, for 
our present purpose, be distinguished as follows :— 
(1) A Californian province, including California, Oregon, and 
the narrow tract between the Sierra Nevada and the Pacific. 
(2) An Alleghanian province, including the United States 
east of Texas, and thence northwards more or less near the line 
of 100° West longitude and the south-western part of Canada. 
(3) An Alaskan province, or what was Russian America. 
(4) A Canadian province, or Canada, except part on the 
south-west. 
(5) A Texan province, or Texas with the adjacent parts of 
the Nearctic region between the Californian and the Allegha- 
nian provinces. 
(6) A Greenland province. 
(7) A Bermuda province. 
The NEOTROPICAL region includes the whole of South 
America, Central America, South Mexico excepting the central 
plateau, the Antilles, Galapagos, and Falkland Islands. 
* This line passes between the islands of Bali and Lombock. 
