THE CLASSIFICATION OF BIRDS. 265 
palate desmognathous ; no ceca, save in Todies, where they are 
large ; no pterygoid processes ; episternal processes of sternum 
not perforated for coracoids ; accessory semitendinosus present, 
save in the Kingfishers. 
Suborder 3. Bucerotes. 
Spinal feather-tract not defined on the neck; oil-gland 
tufted; palate desmognathous; no ceca; basipterygoid pro- 
cesses ; mid-front of sternum grooved or perforated for coracoid 
processes ; sternum with two posterior notches ; femoro-caudal, 
semitendinosus, and accessory semitendinosus present; ambiens 
and accessory femoro-caudal absent; bill large, strong, and 
arched ; wings short ; female incubates enclosed in a tree. 
This order contains twelve families, whereof seven belong 
to the first suborder and four to the second. 
The families belonging to the Coracie are those of the Swifts 
(Cypselide); the Goatsuckers! (Caprimulgide) ; that of the 
Oil-bird *—which is thus shown to be far indeed from the 
Raptorial group—the Steatornithide; the Frog-mouths or 
More-porks, Podargide, and the family of the Cyrombo of 
Madagascar—the Leptosomide. Next comes the family which 
contains the type of the suborder Coraciw, namely the com- 
mon Roller *, and, lastly, the pretty and attractive Bee-eaters * 
or Meropide. 
The suborder Halcyones contains the very small family of 
Colies°, Coliidw, and the very large one of Kingfishers °, 
Alcedinide ; also the Motmots’, Momotide, and the half-dozen 
Todies °, Todide. 
The suborder Bucerotes consists but of a single family, 
Bucerotide, containing all the Hornbills °. 
The third order of Birds, the Piciformes, also consists of about 
650 species in three suborders:—1. Upupe, 2. Trogones, and 
3. Scansores. The following are their characters :— 
Pease: PIED NAB, SPy OG: 
= eG tee SP 80! 5 Pp. 68, 
TP 83: et LE cell Pics 
