THE CLASSIFICATION OF BIRDS, 267 
lower (not on the upper) back; feet zygodactyle ; basipterygoid 
processes absent. 
There are nine families in this order: two to the first sub- 
order, one to the second, and six to the third. 
The first is the Upupide, and consists of the Hoopoes'. 
The second is the Jrrisoride, which includes the Wood-hoopoes. 
The third embraces all the Trogons*, and is named 7’rogo- 
nide. 
The first family of thé third suborder is called Galbulide, and 
contains the Jacamars °. 
The second family contains the Puff-birds*, and is named 
Bucconide, while the third is the very large family of Wood- 
peckers ? and Wrynecks, called, from the type, Picide. The 
remaining three families are the Jndicatoride or Honey- 
guides °, the Capitonide or Barbets”, and the handsome but 
strange Toucans, Rhamphastide. 
The fourth order, with more than 190 species, is Coccyges, 
which may be divided into two suborders, each containing but a 
single family. 
The first suborder is that named Musophagi, and the second 
is called Cuculi. 
Their characters stand thus :— 
Order IV. COCCYGES. 
Palate desmognathous: no basipterygoid processes ; hallux 
always present and supplied by fleaor hallucis ; second, third, 
and fourth digits supplied by flexor digitorum; young born 
helpless, but not passing through a downy stage; feet often 
zygodactyle; dorsal vertebre not opisthoccelous. 
Suborder 1. Musophagi. 
Plantar tendons not free; spinal feather-tract both well 
defined on the neck and not forked on the back; vil-gland 
tufted ; feet may be semi-zygodactyle. 
' P. 86. The Hoopoes are nearly related to the Hornbills, and form a 
transition from them to the other Piciformes. 
J 12), Gish. SOP lide SPO: 
cided Saar (D Sep 84: MP ios 
