DESCRIPTION OF CAMPS. 357 



ward, the magnificent snow-capped peaks of the higher portion of the range 

 were seen to be timbered with pine and fir forests, bnt no opportunity was 

 nfl'orded to visit these. 



The species observed in the neighborhood of our camp were the 

 foHowing: In the lower portions of the canon, Pipilo cJilonirus ainong the 

 snow-berry bushes, Pooecetes confinis on the weed-clad and grassy slopes, 

 SpueUa hrcweri, Cyanospiza amosna, Antrostomus nuttalli, Oreoscoptes montanus, 

 EmnopMla alpestris, Chondestes grammaca, Ampliispiza nevadensis, and Stur- 

 iid/fi )icglecta in the sage-brush — from the valley-level to 2,000 feet above 

 camp; Empidonax obscums and Vireosylvia swainsoni in the aspen copses; 

 Hcdymelcs mdanoceplialns, Icterus hullocU, and Pipilo megahnyx in the shrab- 

 bery along the streams; Tyrannus verticalis, Myiarchus cincrascens, Spizella 

 arizonfs, Scolecophagus cyanocephalus, and Gymnohitta cyanocephala in the cedar 

 and pinon groves, while Tardus migratorius occurred in all wooded localities; 

 Sialia arctica, Hinmdo Jiorreorum, Tachycineta thalassina, Petrochelidon luni- 

 frons, and Salpinctcs ohsoletus nested about out-buildings or in old mining- 

 si uifts, while species of indiscriminate distribution were Rhi nog ry pirns aura, 

 Bitteo calurus, B. swainsoni, Archibuteo (ferrugineusf), Aquila canadensis, 

 Chordeiles henryi, GoUurio excuUtoroides, Corvus carnivorus, and Zencedura 

 (■aroUncnsis. It was here that we met with the first specimen of Panyptila 

 saxnt'dis, a solitary individual having been observed to pass swiftly over one 

 of the higher hills. 



25. '^Camp 19," Buby Valley and Ruhy Mountains (July 12-Sei3tember 5.) 

 Altitude of Camp, 6,300/ee^. — This camp was the base of extensive researches 

 in all directions, both the mountains upon whose foot-slope we were 

 encamped and the valley' below us being included within the field of 

 investigation. The valley was of the same character that sage-brush valleys 

 usually are, except that its depressed center was occupied by an extensive 

 marsh, known as "Ruby Lake," the receptacle of the runnerous springs of 

 pure, cold water which burst from the base of the limestone mountains on 

 the western side of the valley. This marsh is so filled with tule that the 

 meandering channels of clear water can only be seen from the mountains, 

 from which they appear as narrow silver threads in the dark-green rush- 



