INSESSORES. 69 



species was first made known as an occasional 

 visitor to England by the late Mr. Vigors, M.P., 

 who obtained a specimen that was " taken alive in 

 the neighbourhood of London in October, 1812/' 

 Mr. Gould, in his * Birds of Europe,' mentions two 

 instances that have occurred of the capture of this 

 species, also " near London," in the spring of 1836 ; 

 and Mr. Kennie, in his edition of ' Montagu's Orni- 

 thological Dictionary,' notices two specimens, one 

 of which was *' taken alive in Copenhagen Fields." 

 This last, I believe, was the bird referred to by 

 Mr. Vigors. 



Richard's Pipit is a native of the east, and, as 

 may be supposed, is of rare occurrence in England. 

 It may be distinguished from the other British Pipits 

 by its superior size, measuring seven and three- 

 quarter inches in length, and by the greater length 

 and stoutness of the tarsus. 



Pennsylvanian Pipit, Anthus Pennsylv aniens. 



Anthus ludovicianus, Audubon, ' Birds of America,' 



1841, 40, pi. 150. 

 „ „ Buonaparte, 'Conspectus Avium,' 



1850, 2119. 

 „ spinoletta* Buonaparte, ' Synopsis,' 1828, 



90. 

 Alauda Pennsylvanica,Bnsson, ' Ornith.,' i. 419. 



^- This is not the Anthus sjjinoletta of Linnaeus, but the 

 Alauda ludoviciana of the Systema Naturse, 1788, i. 793. 



