388 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
the head is of firmer texture; the distance between the head and 
the anus in B. entomelas is equal to the length of the head behind 
the anterior nostril, but in B. furvescens is equal to the length of 
the head behind the middle of the eye; the teeth are coarser and- 
in narrower bands on the jaws; the scapular foramen pierces the 
shoulder girdle at a lower point, being in contact with the suture 
between the hypercoracoid and the hypocoracoid; and, finally, the 
orbit is noticeably larger, although the type has been compared, in 
the preparation of the following table, with both smaller and larger 
Philippine specimens of B. furvescens. 
Table showing size of orbit in Bathygadus entomelas and B. furvescens. 
entomelas. Jurvescens. 
<Orbit'in heads. sao eee een ae eee a eee Tope See beg a 4.0 4.5 to 5.0 
Oy Gey tis ba bt 010) 9 | eee ee Se Ae Le See mead ee eee Ad Uae bearer thems ot I=2:to 1.35 
Orbit ininterorbital soso iss sek iota oe sie erete cin Serer ee ia ieee eos epee erage iat yy 
Orbit in postorbital 5 f5 sabe cso Sac ee te eee rege 1.9 2.2 to 2.6 
Measurements in hundredths of length to anus (84 mm.).—Length 
of head, 59; length of orbit, 16; least distance between orbits, 17; 
least suborbital width, 7; distance between orbit and preopercle, 29; 
length of snout, 18; length of upper jaw, 34; depth of body, 41; 
width of body over pectoral bases, 26; distance from origin of anal 
to center of anus, 7; from anus to base of outer ray, 39; from ventral fin 
to anteroventral end of pectoral girdle, 27; length of first dorsal 
base, 17; length of longest gill-rakers, 8. 
Only the type-specimen is known to us. 
(entomelas, in reference to the wholly black branchial cavity.) 
4. BATHYGADUS FURVESCENS Alcock. 
Bathygadus furvescens Aucock, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 43, pt. 2, 
1894, p. 128; Illustrations of the Zoology of the Jnvestigator, Fishes, 
pl. 16, fig. 1, 1895; Dese. Cat. Indian Deep-Sea Fishes, 1899, p. 121. 
Bathygadus melanobranchus Braver, Die Tiefsee-Fische, 1906, p. 272.— 
WEBER, Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition, May, 1918, p. 112. 
Contrary to the suggestion of Alcock and to the opinion of Brauer, 
this species appears to be distinct from the Atlantic B. melano- 
_ branchus Vaillant,’ having a decidedly smaller eye, according to the 
measurements of Vaillant, Collett, Aleock, and Brauer. Our study 
of the material which is here referred to B. furvescens strongly con- 
firms the view that the two species are quite distinct. 
For the purpose of more accurate comparison we present a descrip- 
tion of our Philippine specimens, which were collected at the fol- 
lowing stations: 
1 Vaillant, Exp. Sci. Trav. Talisman, 1888, p. 206, pl. 18, fig. 1; Collett, Poissons de 
L’Hirondelle, 1896, p. 88. 
