PHILIPPINE MACROUROID FISHES—GILBERT AND HUBBS. 449 
the margin of the scale. The scales become reduced in size and 
armature on the belly, especially toward the isthmus. ‘The scales 
of the body appear to be more deciduous than in related species, but 
their more frequent loss may be in part due to their greater 
roughness. : 
The nasal fossa and the under surface of the head are wholly 
scaleless; elsewhere on the head the scales are strong, and bear spin- 
ules which differ from those of the related Philippine species in 
their greater strength, and differ from those of C. kishinouyei of 
Japan in the fact that they are not arranged in series radiating from 
the center of the scale. The dorsoterminal plate of the snout is 
not especially strengthened, and does not project beyond the ante- 
rolateral margin of the snout; the length of the plate is contained 
5 to 6 (3.3 in smallest specimen) times in the postorbital; it is 
armed by one median and two marginal pairs of series of spinules 
(subject to some variation); the spinules of the plate, as on the 
other ridge scales, are less numerous and less regularly arranged 
in small specimens. The terminal plate is followed on each side 
of the snout by a series of eight or nine scales, increasing in size 
posteriorly, and covering the bony ridge formed by the ethmoid; 
the spinules on these scales form irregularly radiating series; a 
short interspace then separates the ethmoid series from the follow- 
ing preorbital series, which consists of 10 (to 7) subquadrate scales, 
small in front, but decidedly larger below the posterior nostril; 
the spinules form series radiating upward and backward from the 
anteroventral angle of each scale in the preorbital series; the two 
following portions of the infraorbital ridge—namely, the subor- 
bital and the preopercular, are covered by a double row of scales, 
strongest below the posterior third of the orbit. The median supe- 
rior rostral ridge bears 10 oblong scales, all of which, except the 
small last one, are of subequal size; the spinous carinae on these 
scales diverge outward and backward from the front margin of 
each scale. The supranarial ridge is arched upward and inward; 
it is armed by small scales, which become larger posteriorly, where 
the supranarial ridge meets two others: one, the supraorbital, ex- 
tending backward; the other, the antorbital ridge, which bears a 
series of three strong scales, extending along the front margin of the 
orbit and the hind margin of the nasal fossa downward to opposite 
the middle of the posterior nostril. 
The supraorbital series of scales forms the margin of the inter- 
orbital area; in small specimens all of the narrow scales of this series 
are rough with spinules, while in the larger specimens most of them, 
except at the two extremes of the ridge, retain spinules only on a 
median keel. The postorbital ridge extends from the end of the 
supraorbital ridge series to the upper angle of the gill-cleft; it curves 
