PHILIPPINE MACROUROID FISHES—GILBERT AND HUBBS. 457 
The fin-rays in this species are longer in the male than in the 
female. As usual in cases of sexual dimorphism, the exaggerated 
character of the male is less marked in the young than in the adult. 
The sexual dimorphism of the fin rays shown to occur in several 
species with elongated dorsal spines (C. maculatus, C. velifer, C. 
sexradiatus, and probably C. dorsalis) is good evidence of their 
close relationships. It was not noted in those related species in 
which the dorsal spine is not produced, although there is a wide 
individual variation in this regard among those species. 
The color is somewhat lighter than in C. maculatus, but of similar 
pattern. The body is lighter below, but blackish on the belly. 
The characteristic brownish black spot of this group of species, 
located above and behind the pectoral fin, is large and round in 
C. velifer; it includes the first row of scales above the lateral line, 
and covers 8 or 9 rows counting downward and backward (restricted 
to 7 or even 6 rows in some paratypes); this spot is ocellated by 
a lighter band, which includes a whitish spot just below the front 
end of the lateral line, and a whitish bar just behind the spot. 
A less distinct spot, square in outline, is irregularly bounded by 
lines joining the first dorsal spine, the origin of the lateral line 
on each side, and the median occipital scute. The remainder of 
the diagnostic color pattern is indistinct in the adult, but is well 
marked in the young. A broad triangular dark area with its apex 
ventral, and with its base along the posterior half of the first 
dorsal fin and the whole interdorsal space, is rather indefinitely 
ocellated below with a broad lighter band, which is followed by ea 
blotch darkest just above the lateral line. An oblique bar, directed 
downward and backward to the anal base, and covering 6 to 8 
scale rows, is located behind the head a distance nearly or quite 
equal to the length of the head. Similar but less distinct broad 
bars cross the tail posteriorly. The sides of the abdomen and of 
the head show silvery reflections. The upper part of the branch- 
iostegal membranes are blackish, with the exception of the lighter 
margin to the branchial cavity. The color of the head is light; 
punctate below. The buccal and branchial cavities are lined with 
bluish black everywhere except on their margins; the parietal 
peritoneum is brownish black, underlain with silvery. The fins are 
dusky, including the base of the first dorsal fin rays, which are 
light in maculatus, but excluding the black filament of the dorsal 
spine, the light second dorsal fin, and the white outer ventral ray. 
The intensity of the color on the fins varies widely; the ventral 
fin is usually blackish, but the entire outer ventral ray and the 
tips of the other rays are whitish in the lightest specimens. 
