560 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
Fin-rays—first dorsal II, 11 or 12; pectorals, 20 to 28; ventrals 
(39 fins counted), 11 to 13. 
The body is very deep, and sharply compressed posteriorly; in 
some specimens the depth is constricted behind the trunk much 
more than in others. The origin of the dorsal fin is at the apex of 
a triangular elevation of the dorsal contour. The horizontal pro- 
jection of the snout is half as long as the pupil. The least width 
of the oblique suborbital is a little more than half the orbital length. 
The barbel is decidedly more than half as long as the orbit. The 
preopercular ridge is separated above from the orbit by a distance 
equal to the diameter of the pupil; the ridge is arched backward a 
little at the angle. There are seven branchiostegals and about eight 
rudimentary gill-rakers. 
The scales are rather small, being in eight or nine series from the 
origin of the second dorsal to but excluding the lateral line. The 
scales are reduced in size on the upper and under surfaces of the 
head; those in front of the anal fin are sometimes enlarged as though 
vertically fused. In the larger specimens the scales of the body bear 
six to eight parallel or slightly divergent rows of spinules. 
The first dorsal spine is sharp and robust; the second spine may 
be lower or a little higher than the length of the head; it is armed 
by 28 to 87 denticulations in four specimens, 39 to 46 mm. long to 
the anus, and by 16 in one specimen of 33 mm. The interdorsal space 
is very much longer than the orbit. 
For comparison with Z. decimalis we include the following 
measurements: 
Table of measurements in hundredths of length to anus. 
AllbatrossistawlOlece =a eae se aee oer 5439 5654 5607 5469 5467 
Totalllongth im mm 3 eases seen see esse oe a= 1227 233 223 207+ 144 
eneth to anus tm am shee ee see se ele ren 46 42 40 39 26 
beng timotheadines see ee saee see eee ee eee ee 81 83 80 79 85 
MenrthOnorbits 4.) cae senee see ee aaa ae tees 26 29 26 27 30 
Widthiofinterorbitalass2.- ses sence eee ee ee 20 22 20 23 22 
Widthofsnborbital: '- 25. so. ene oot eee aes ae 14 14 14 15 15 
Orbititoypreopercle.... 3522.22 --- ee ee se ae 31 33 30 32 33 
Wen eth OL SHOWtes sae ase = = eee ate eae 26 29 27.5 26 26 
Length ofupper Jaw <njc. c-cn =e cows as nsec 24 29 28.5 32 34 
Meno th oh Dar Delsey. cts nee sae = ee eee ee ee 19 (ea ese ee 16 20 
Wepthion bod yiere< season aeeee= se eer nee ee eee 90 84 80 80 81 
AgS'to analy. js eees ee seer eine ce emcees 9 ll 9 oat 10 
Height of second dorsal spine.....-.........--------- 91 75 76 70. nec eSencae 
Interdorsal space 322 sacs se == oc ee a- ae se eeeeicm rere 32 SY rane Bee ceecine 41 40 
eneth of pectorala gasses een eee She ae bocapeeee 45 | 46°} | caso cen Sees 
Length of outer ventral ray-.-.......-.-.:-<--+-..---- 33 43+ 54 iy ed Or 
Length of second ventrallray -- < -.- =---/eeie-- <2 - Se. =| ee de coos em noe [peer cts 33). [|e eezceee 
1 mn pseudocaudal developed. 
(pumiliceps, in reference to the shortened head.) 
69. LIONURUS DECIMALIS, new species. 
Type-specimen.—Cat. No. 82668, U.S.N.M.: 155 mm. long, 38.5 
mm. to anus; dredged with a single paratype of about the same 
size at Albatross station 5348 in Palawan Passage; 375 fathoms; 
56.4° F., bottom temperature. 
