107 
KITTIWAKE. 
Larus R>ssa, 
M tridactylus, 
u “ 
Montagu. Fleming. Selby. 
Gould. 
Pennant. Bewick. Jenyns. 
Temminck. 
Larus— A ravenous sea-bird. Rissa —. 
The Kittiwake is plentiful in many parts of Europe, as 
Norway, Sweden, the Ferroe Islands, Iceland, Nova Zembla, 
and Spitzbergen, in the north, and on the French coast: in 
Italy it has also occurred. It is common in Greenland, and 
on the continent of America, from the United States to Labrador, 
and the farthest north, inconceivable numbers congregating, 
Captain J. Ross, R.N., observed, in suitable places. In Africa, 
specimens have been procured at Tripoli, and on the west 
oast; and in Asia, near the Caspian Sea, and on to 
Kamtschatka in the north. , „ 
They breed in immense numbers on the northern coasts ot 
Scotland, the Bass Rock and that of Glass, St. Abb’s Head, 
in Berwickshire, Fowls-Heugh, near Stonehaven and Montrose, 
Aberdeenshire, Troup Head, the Isle of May, in the Frith 
of Forth, and other places; so too in the Shetland Islands. 
Also in Yorkshire on the cliffs about Flamborough, and so 
formerly at Scarborough and the Fern Islands off coast 
of Northumberland. In Hampshire, at the Isle of Wight; 
and in Devonshire, Dorsetshire, and Cornwall. 
The Kittiwake is common along the Yorkshire coast, and 
some have been seen about Sheffield, Huddersfield, and York. 
In Cornwall it is not uncommon about Falmouth, Swanpool, 
Gwyllyn Yase, and other places; as too in Norfolk about 
Yarmouth, and along the coast. One, of which William 
Brooks Gates, Esq. has informed me, was killed at Pattishali, 
in Northamptonshire, during the severe frost in January, 1854; 
