1SC9.] OBSEEVATIONS IN THE SUTLEJ VALLEY." 55 



TetmogaJhis tihctanus, Gould, and Alaiichda jiit^poletta (Pall.)*. But the following three Ibis, 1SG9, 



species, noticed by Dr. Stoliczka, must be added ; — Linota bremrostris, Gould, admitted, ^'' "'^'^' 



with some doubt, as distinct from L, montium (Gm.), by our author and Jlerr von Pelzeln (Ibis, 



1868, p. 319); Montif ring ilia adamsi, Moore; and M. hcematojif/gia, Gould. All three visit the 



valley of the Sutlej during the winter, and, together with Allotrius xanthochlorus, increase the 



list of Indian species by six. Emberiza stracheyi, Moore, however, is considered identical with 



E, cia, L. ; and thus the Indian list is reduced by one ; while Corvus tibetanus, Hodgs., is regarded 



as scarcely separable from C. corax, L. ; Fregilus himalai/antis, Gould, as not distinct from the 



European Chough, and Eegulus himalmjensis, Blyth, upon Herr von Pelzeln's authority, as 



identical Avith R. cristatus. A hitherto somewhat dubious species, Petrocincla castaneocollis. 



Less. (Rev. Zool. June 1840, p. 160), was rediscovered by Dr. Stoliczka in West Tibet, north of 



Dras, and is expected by him to be found residing in the Punjab during the winter. He identifies 



it with P. saxatilis (L.). It is remarkable that Lanius cristatus, L., is not included in the list of 



the Sutlej -Valley bij-ds. The only Rufous-tailed Shrike procured is identified as L. arenarius, 



Blyth, and was but once met with east of Chini. In the summer it is said to be more Ibis, 18G9, 



common in Tibet. Hodgson's name Biidytes citreoloides is adopted for the Yelloio-headed ^' ^^'*' 



Wagtail, upon the authority, apparently, of Mr. Blyth, as quoted by Dr. Jerdon (B. Ind. iii. p. 873). 



Wherein Hodgson's species differs from that of Pallas, I have failed to discover. Indian 



examples agree in every respect with the description given by Pallas (Reise, 1776, iii. App. p. 696, 



no. 14) of his type specimen, which was obtained on the 26th of April (O. S.) in Siberia, and 



consequently had not assumed the full breeding-plumage. Pallas remarks that the same species 



is to be seen in Russia in spring, at the time when birds are migrating northwards. Dr. Stoliczka 



has omitted to describe the plumage of his specimens and the exact period of the year he met 



with them. The bird to which Hodgson gave the names of Badytes calcaratus and B. citreoloides 



is rarely found, in India, in full black and yellow breeding-plumage ; and although some individuals 



may breed in the southern valleys of the Himalayas, yet, from the scarcity of examples in breeiliug- 



livery, we may infer that the greater part migrate in the spring further north. Any how, nothing 



less than a comparison made between a series of Siberian and Indian birds can determine the 



question ; and even if the Indian bird proves to be distinct from B. citreola (Pall.), it will have 



to bear the title of calcaratus, Hodgs. (1836), which has a priority of eight years over that of 



* Zoog. Eosso-Asiatica, i. p. 526. It was observed by Pallas in southern Russia, and espeeiallj- in the Caspian desert. 

 He considered it to be the same as the bird named Alauda spinoletta by LinnaDus (S. N. i. p. '2SS), from Italy. The Linuaean 

 name Pallas altered to 2>ispoletta, because Cetti (Ucc. di Sardegna, p. 159) stated that pispoletta, and not spinoletta, was the 

 true Florentine name for the Italian bird, adding that the great Swede had never even seen it. A. spinoletta, L., is made 

 equal to Anthus aquaticus, Bechst., by Bonaparte (Cousp. Av. i. p. 247). Eversmann (Add. ad Zoog. llosso-As. p. IG, 1835) 

 refers Alauda pispjoletta. Pall., also to Anthus aquaticus. Bonaparte, on the other hand, regarded it as a distinct species of 

 Alauda, and referred Alaudula raytal (Buch.-Ham.) to it as a synonym. Dr. Stoliczka notes the differences whereby 

 A. pispoletta is distinguished from A. raytal ; and if the learned doctor's identification is correct, the discovery of Pallas's 

 bird so far to the eastward is interesting. The specific title is unfortunate, founded, as it is, on the Florentine trivial name 

 of a totally distinct species. Menetries (Cat. Eaison. Caucas. p. 39) mentions that A. jiispoletta ia very common in the 

 desert-plains on the shores of the Caspian during the months of April, May, and June. Later in the year he saw no more 

 of it. 



