1871.] TO MALAYAN ORNITHOLOGY." 101 



catalogue of birds or on the labels in a museum" 1 My experience of the motives which guide 

 ornithologists when investigating, discriminating, and recording the differences existing between 

 forms inhabiting distinct areas certainly prevents me from agreeing with Dr. Stoliczka's remarks 

 on this subject. 



1. HiEEAX FEINGILLARIUS (Drap.). ^^^' "^^"1' 



) p. lul. 



There is much to be said in favour of Dr. Stoliczka's view that //. etifolmvs, Hodga., = Falco 

 ccendesceiis, Linn. Edwards's description agrees better with //. eutolmus than with the Malaccau 

 form ; but he says nothing about the white nuchal patch, nor does he figure it. Mr. Blyth unites 

 Javan and Malaccan individuals under one species. A recomparison may show that they differ ; 

 and certainly Malaccan individuals do not well agree with Horsfield's plate. Sumatran and 

 Malaccan examples in my collection are undistinguishable. I have received H. eutolmus from 

 Tonghoo. 



^&' 



2. LoRicuLUS GALGULUS (Linn.). 



As the top of the head of L. vernalis is not red, Dr. Stoliczka probably alludes to L. indicus 

 (Gm.). 



5. Haepactes kasumba (Raffles). 



The description of the individual noted as a doubtful female of H. Jcasumha agrees well, and 

 only, with the female of that species. It is certainly not the female of the Ceylon and Malabar 

 //. fasciatus (Forst.). The bars on the wing-coverts of II. kasumba, $ , are broader than in the 

 male. In II. fasciatus there is no difference between the form and proportions of the sexes ; 

 their coloiu- alone distinguishes them. Labuan examples of //. kasumba do not differ from 

 Malaccan. 



Four species of Harpactes, as surmised by Mr. Wallace, exist in the Malaccan peninsula : — 

 1. H. kasumba (Raffl.) ; 2. //. diardi (Temm.) ; 3. H. duvaucelii (Temm.) ; 4. H. rutilus (Vieill. 

 aj). Gould). This last is assuredly a species distinct from //. duvaucelii, as Mr. Gould was the 

 first to point out. I possess examples of both species from Malacca. 



Dr. Cabanis (Mus. Hein. iv. jj. 154) refers Trogon duvaiicelii, Temm., to T. rutilus, Vieill., 

 and regards it as an insular species. //. rutilus, Vieill. ap. Gould, with a uniform cinnamon- 

 coloured upper plumage. Dr. Cabanis {tom. cit. p. 156) describes as a new species, from Malacca, 

 under the title of Pyrotro(jon orrhophceus, and considers it to be the continental representative of 

 the Sumatran T. duvaucelii. Le couroucou cannelle male, of Le Vaillant, on which both T. rutilus, 

 Vieill., and T. cinnamomeus, Temm., were founded, is described by Le Vaillant (Hist. Nat. Cou- Ibis, 1871, 

 roucous, p. 20) as having the back, scapulars, rump, and ujjper tail-coverts of a lively rufous or 

 pure cinnamon-colour. It cannot, therefore^ have been described from an example of T. duvau- 

 celii, Temm. Mr. Gould's identification appears to be quite in accordance with the facts ; and 

 the title of orrhophceus. Cab., Mill have to be suppressed. 



The Sumatran H. mackloti, MiilL, may yet be discovered in the Malayan peninsula, while 

 the occurrence of a species closely allied to the Javan //. orescius (Temm.) in Tenasserim is of 

 the highest interest. 



