1875.] THE PHILIPPINE AECHIPELAGO. 379 



Carpophaga chalijlmra, Bp. Compt. Rend, xxxix. p. 1074, " Philippines" (1854); Consp. ii. 

 p. 32 ; Iconogr. pi. 42. 



Carpophaga syhatica " (Tickell)," Blyth, J. A. S. B. 1801, p. 07, "Philippines." 



Hah. Luzon, January, April ; Negros, March {Meyer). 



Examples from Ceylon, India, Burma, the Andamans, and Java cannot be specifically 

 separated from this Philippine species. Mr. Blyth has already remarked {I. c.) that a youno- 

 Philippine example before him did not differ from the Indian and Burmese species. The Suma- 

 tran, Bangkan, Sumbawan, and Flores forms are also considered to belong to C. cenea by Professor 

 Schlegel (Mus. Pays-Bas, Columhce, p. 85), although he keeps C. syhatica apart as being a smaller 

 race. And Mr. Wallace (Ibis, 1865, p. 383) includes Lombock and the Malay peninsula within 

 the range of C. wnea. 



Bonaparte {I. c.) relied on the Philippine bird having the head and neck whiter, and on the 

 under surface of the tail being paler and of a steel-grey, and not brown-black. The under 

 surface of the rectrices is certainly somewhat paler ; but the difference between the colourin"- of 

 the head and neck, as described by Bonaparte, is not apparent in Dr. Meyer's examples, which 

 are in perfect plumage. The chief difference they exhibit is in the colouring of the breast 

 which appears to be more tinged with vinous ; and thus the entire under surface is more or less 

 vinous, and not the abdomen only as in C. cenea. On the head, nape, and back of the neck also 

 the rather deep vinous shading of C. miea is absent. Bonaparte's plate (/. c.) so little resembles 

 these Philippine examples that it cannot be relied on. 



Carpophaga pickeringi, Cassin, Pr. Ac. Philad. vii. p. 228 (1854), and U.S. Expl. Exped. 

 pi. 27, 2nd ed., obtained on Mangsi Island, one of the Sooloo archipelago, seems to be a distinct 

 species, with light-cinereous under tail-coverts, and consequently related to C. perspiciUata. 



Carpophaga pauUna (Temm.), ex Celebes, is always readily to be distinguished by its 

 intensely vinous breast, and by its bright rufous nape. Yet an intermediate form is said to also 

 occur in Luzon {ef. Schlegel, Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk. 1866, p. 201 ; Mus. Pays-Bas, Columhce, 

 p. 85)— the Philippine habitat, however, only resting on a single example, said to have been 

 obtained in Luzon by M. H. Gevers. 



Carpophaga insidaris, Blyth, apparently peculiar to the Nicobars, is a perfectly distinct Tr. Z. S. ix. 

 species, allied to C. pierspiciUata. p. mo. 



The following measurements are taken (the Luzon male excepted) from examples in full 

 plumage : — 



LoDgitiido 

 rostr. ala3. oaucte. 



C. oenea 0-64 9-00 6-00 Java. 



0-64 9-12 6-62 Sarawak. 



? 0-64 9-25 6-50 Busan, N. Borneo. 



0-64 9-25 6-37 Tonghoo, Burma. 



0-64 9-12 6-25 Maunbhoom. 



? 0-64 9-25 6-25 Kyodan, Salween river. 



0-60 8-25 5-62 Malabar. 



<S 0-60 8-25 5-62 Dambool, Ceylon. 



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