1875.] THE PHILIPPINE AECHIPELAGO. 383 



Marianne specimens obtained by Quoy and Gaimard, and placed by them in the Paris Museum 

 in 1811. The Prince, in his diagnosis, distinguished tliis Marianne Dove from T. dussumieri, 

 the habitat of which, however, he erroneously gave as being Malasia, Java, Sumatra, and Borneo. 



148. TURTUR IIUMILIS. 



Columha humUis, Temm. PI. Col. pi. 259, 6 nee ? , 258, $ nee 6 , " Bengale, ile de 

 Lugon" (1824); Bp. Consp. ii. p. GG, ?, ^' Philippines;" Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 3G7, no. 473. 



Hal). Luzon [Meyer); S. China to Shanghai, Formosa, Hainan [Sunnhoe). 



The red Turtledove of Luzon dift'ers from that of India (T. huiiiilis, ap. Jerd., no. 797) in 

 being of a much-darker red, and in having the under wing-coverts dark ash instead of pale ash 

 inclining to white, and the head, uropygium, and upper tail-coverts much darker ash. The form 

 which inhabits China and Cambodia belongs to the Luzon, and not to the Indian race. 



The Indian bird will have to take the title of Turtur tranquebarica, Herm. Obs. Zool. 

 p. 200, "ex Tranquebaria " (1804), while for that of Luzon it will perhaps be best to retain 

 Temminck's title, although he does not make it quite clear whether he described and figured 

 a Bengal or a Philippine individual. In 1855 Prince Bonaparte (Compt. Rend. xl. p. 18) 

 maintained that individuals from Coromandel and the Philippines were absolutely identical. 

 But later, 1856, after his visit to the British Museum, the same author observed {op. cit. xli. 

 p. 659), '■^Turtur miiroensis, Hodgs., de ITnde" \_T. humilis of Indian authors], "pouvait fort 

 bien differer specifiquement de StreptopeUa humilis des Philippines." 



Dr. Meyer notes the colour of the feet and nails as being grey, and of the bill as slate-colour. Tr. Z. S. ix. 



p. 220. 

 La Tourterelle cendree de Visle du Lugon, Sonn. Voy. Nouv. Guin. p. 52, pi. 22. 



Columba cinerea, Scop. Del. Fl. Faun. Insubr. ii. p. 94, no. 93 (1786), ex Sonn.; nee. Scop. 



ap. Bp. Consp. ii. p. 61. 



Turtur luzoniensis, Gm. S. N. i. p. 786, no. 32, Turtur, var. S (1788), ex Sonn. 



Columha phcenicorhyncha, Wagler, Isis, 1829, p. 745, ex Sonn. 



Under the title above cited Sonnerat described a species of Turtledove which, he stated, 

 inhabits the island of Luzon, and mentions no other locality. I can find no evidence of any 

 species agreeing with Sonnerat's description having been found in the Philippines since Sonnerat 

 wrote. The diagnosis agrees fairly with Columha picturata, Temm., from which bird Sonnerat 

 probably took his description. 



Bonaparte {I. c.) confounded two, if not three, distinct species of the genus Turtur described 

 by Sonnerat, under Scopoli's title of Columha cinerea. The description given by Bonaparte (/. c.) 

 is of Columha miniata, Temm. Pig. & Gall. i. ^^p. 369, 460, founded on Sonnerat's Grande 

 Tourterelle de la Chine, Voy. aux Indes, ii. p. 178. In his reference to Sonnerat the Prince 

 commits three mistakes. He quotes page 176, where Sonnerat describes his Tourterelle grise de 

 la Chine, on which Scopoli founded his Columha chinensis ; and he adds plate 22 — the number 

 of Sonnerat's plate (in the ' Voyage a la Nouvelle Guinee ') which represents Columha cinerea, 

 Scopoli f. There is no plate numbered 22 in the second volume of the 'Voyage aux Indes.' 



t Priuoo Bonaparte (Z. c.) also misquotes YieiUot ; for he refers to N. Diet. xxvi. p. 312; -whereas C. miniata, Temm., 

 occurs at p. 3(JS, and Columha cinerea is treated b}- Yieillot as a separate species at p. 381, although partly misquoting 

 Sonnerat's French title. '^ 



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