494 ON A COLLECTION OF BIEDS FEOM THE [1877. 



91. Pitta Boscnii. 



Pitta hoschii, Miill. & Schl. Verhandl. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Ind. Aves, pp. 5, 16, 1. 1, " Sumatra " 

 (1839-44). 



There are no specific differences between Malaccan and typical examples. 



92. CiTTOCIXCLA MACROtTRA. 



Turdus macrourus, Gm. S. N. i. p. 820 (1788). 



The Sumatran examples do not differ from Malaccan, Javan, Burmese, Indian, Ceylonese, 

 and Hainan individuals. 



93. COPSTCHUS MUSICUS. 



Lanius musicus. Raffles, t. c. p. 307, "Sumatra" (1821); Walden, Ibis, 1872. p. 102*. 

 Copsychus proMematicus, Sharpe, Ibis, 1876, p. 36, "Borneo." 



Some years ago [1. c.) I endeavoured to show that the Malayan and Javan CopsycJms, 

 belon^ins: to the C.-smdoris section, differed from C. saularis in having the under wing-coverts 



'»'"» 



"white centred with black;" and I suggested that, as the Sumatran species would in aU 

 probability be found to agree with them, they would fall under the title of musicus, given by 

 Sir S. Eafiles to the Sumatran Dayal. Comparing the specimens obtained by Mr. Buxton, I find 

 that this surmise was correct. They also possess only six pairs of Avhite rectrices, as against 

 eight in true C. saularis — a character which is almost constant in Malaccan birds also. 



The Javan race has a very short bill, but is otherwise identical with Sumatran C. musicus. 

 Swainson long ago {1\ Cent. p. 292) distinguished it under the title of brevirostrisf. Mr. Sharpe 

 Ibis, 1877 (^- c-) has recently bestowed a new title, prohlematicus, on the Bornean form, giving as its 

 p. 310. distinctive character the black-centred under wing-coverts. 



94. Henictjkus feoxtalis. 



Enicums frontalis, Blyth, J. A. S. B. 1847, p. 156, "Malacca;" Elwes, Ibis, 1872, p. 259, 

 t. ix. 



Hitherto only recorded as inhabiting Malacca. Closely allied to //. leschenaulti, but of 

 smaller dimensions. In one of Mr. Buxton's examples the white tips of the fourth pair of outer 

 rectrices overlap the black portion of the third outer pair. In another individual the fourth 

 pair is much shorter, and the white bars on the tail appear as represented in Mr. Elwes's plate. 

 Both birds are otherwise alike and in full plumage, the frontal plumes being much developed 

 and fully equalling, if not exceeding, the frontal crest of Javan //. leschenaulti. 



In all Ningpo examples of fully plumaged specimens of//, leschenaulti {E. chinensis) I have 

 examined, the outer pair of tail-feathers are about an inch shorter than the second pair, whereas 

 in typical (Javan) H. leschenaulti, the outer pair equals the next pair ; and this holds good in 

 individuals from the Dafla hills and Tenasserim. The Javan bird is also considerably smaller 

 than the Chinese species. 



* [Anted, p. 119. — Ed.] f Erroneous]}- identified -with C. amcenus in Horsficld & Moore's Catalogue. 



