MUSCICAI'ID.i;. FRIXGILLIDyE, 13 



'70, Eed-bueasted FLTCvTcnEU. Miiscicapa pai-va, Bechstein. Rare c. & S.E. 



strao'Her to Eu^land and once to Ii'claud on migration. Europe, 



. . W.Asia, 



Tail blackish brown; tho hase ol all, except the two centre feathers, wintering ia 

 more or less ivhitc. India, 



Male. General colour above ashy brown. Throat and upper breast 

 oranrie-red. 



Female and male imvinter plumage have the throat dull buff. Length 

 5 inches. 



HIRUNDINID-ffi. Spring to autumn. AVings 

 with nine visible prioiaries. 



77. Swallow. Ilirundo rustica, Linnreus. 



Head, baclv, and rump steel-blue. Throat and forehead chestnut-red, 

 with complete blue-black band across the lower part of the throat ; 

 underparts buif to creamy white. Tail strongly forked ; two outer 

 feathers greatly prolonged. Length 8|- inches. 



78. MARTiTi. CheUdon urhica (Linnccus). 



Rump wJiite ; under surface pure white ; tail much forked ; toes 

 feathered. Length 4| inches. 



79. Sand-Martix. Cotile riparUi (Linnfeus). 



Above mouse-coloured ; underparts white, except greyish baud 



between chest and throat. Minute tuft of feathers just above hind toe. 



Yowuf. Feathers above edged with huffish white. Length 4| inches. 



FRINGILLID IE. Wings with nine visible primaries. 



SO. GREEXFi>'cn. Ligurinus Moris (Linnaeus). Sylvan. Resident. 



Adult male. General colour above olive-yellow, shaded with ashy 

 grey ; crown more ashy than back ; axillaries bright yellow ; primaries 

 edged with bright yellow reaching to the sliaft ; tail black at ends, 

 yellow at the base ; outer tail-feathers yellow at base of both, webs. 



In ivinter. Browner. 



Female. Browner than male ; primaries onhj mair/ined with yellow ; 

 outer tail-feathers edged with yellow on outer web onlv. 



Young male. Like female, but has primaries and tail as in adult male. 

 Length G inches. 



81. Hawfixcii. Coccothraustes vulgaris, Pallas. Sylvan. Resident. 



Bill very large. Fifth and next four primaries shaped like a bill- 

 hook. 



^Idalt nude. General colour above chestnut-brown ; crown reddish 

 brown, lightest on foreht-ad ; hind neck grey ; black patch on chin ; 

 larger wing-coverts tipped w ith white ; sides of body and flanks 

 vinaceous brown ; bill bluish ; iris greyish wliite. 



Female. Head ashy brown ; secondaries edged with bluish grey ; 

 Hanks as in male. 



