20 MOTACILLID^, 



Continental 112. Blue-headed Yellow Wagtail. Motacilla flava, Linnaeus. 



Europe, winter- Spring to autumn. 



E^^Si^eri™^' Male. Above yellowish green ; underparts, except white throat, bright 



Alaska, winter- yellow ; broad white stripe over eye from bill to nape ; head, nape, and 



ing in Java ear-coverts hlne-grey. 



and Celebes. Female. Head brownish and duller in colour. Length Q-Qh inches. 



N.Europe and 113. Gkey-HBADED Tellow Wagtail. Motacilla horealis^ ^\xu([QV'i\\. 



Asia, wintering Very rare on migration. 



m Africa and •' ^ 



India. Like the preceding, but has no eije-stripe, and only the chin is tvhite. 



114. Yellow Wagtail. Motacilla rail (Bonaparte). Spring to 

 autumn. 



Male. Head canary-yellow ; upper parts olive-green ; nape yellowish 

 green ; all underparts, eye-stripe, and axillaries bright yellow. 



Female. Eye-stripe buff ; plumage much less brilliant. 



Youmj. Eye-stripe and underparts huffish white, with no yellow except 

 a tinge on lower belly. Length Qk inches. . 



115. Tbee-Pipit. Anthiis triviaUs (Linnaeus). Spring to autumn ; 

 not recorded from Ireland. 



Above clear brown, distinctly streaked with dusky ; spots on breast 

 small ; flanks streaked with black, like the breast ; middle and greater 

 wing-coverts tipped with white, forming a double wing-bar ; light part 

 of outer tail-feather white or smoky white ; axillaries sandy buff. Hind 

 claw curved, shorter than hind toe. Length 6| inches. 



116. Meadow-Pipit. Anthus pratensis (Linnaeus). Resident. 



Head and upper parts olive-brown, mottled with black centres ; rump 

 uniform ; throat, chest, and flanks streaked witli black ; light pattern of 

 tail-feathers white ; axillaries edged with olive-yellow. Hind claw nearli/ 

 straight, longer than hind toe. Length 5^ inches. 



Arctic Europe, 117. Red-tiiroatbd Pipit. Anthus cervinus (Pallas). Two occur- 



wintering in rences : Sussex and Kent, in spring. 



China, India, . . ni/r i i i i . i j j 



and N. Africa. Male in spring. Much resembles last, but has eye-stripe, cheeks, 



throat, and breast deep vinous red. 



Female. Only the throat vinous. 



In winter the difference between the two species is hardly distin- 

 guishable ; but it is said that in this species the rump is spotted like the 

 back, and the under tail-coverts have dark centres. Length 5| inches. 



118. Rock-Pipit. Anthus ohscurus (Latham). Resident on rocky 

 sea-coasts in summer ; also on mud-flats in winter. 



Axillaries and light pattern on outer tail-feathers smolrg brown. Hind 

 claw much curved, and equal in length to hind toe. 



Males in spring have a rosy tinge on breast, chiefly southern birds. 

 Length 6^ inches. 



