CONTENTS. 5 



THE BIRDS. 



Page. 



Introductory 103 



I . Itinerary and acknowledgments 103 



1 1 . Where the summer birds may be found 104 



Birds of the lower levels 104 



Birds of the middle regions 105 



Birds of the higher regions 106 



III. Permanent residents and transient visitants 107 



I V. Key to the commoner summer birds 107 



Order Pygopodes: Diving birds 110 



Family Colymbidee: Grebes 110 



Western grebe 110 



Holboell grebe Ill 



Horned grebe 112 



Eared grebe 112 



Family Gaviidse: Loons 113 



Loon 113 



Order Longipennes: Long- winged swimmers 114 



Family Laridse: Gulls and terns 114 



California gull 114 



Ring-billed gull 114 



Bonaparte gull 114 



Forster tern ' 114 



Order Steganopodes : Totipalmate swimmers 115 



Family Phalacrocoracidte: Cormorants 115 



Double-crested cormorant 115 



Family Pelecanida^: Pelicans 115 



^^'hite pelican 115 



Order Anseres : LamelLirostral swimmers 115 



Family Anatidie: Ducks, geese, and swans 115 



Merganser 115 



Red-breasted merganser 116 



Hooded merganser 116 



Mallard ^ 117 



Gadwall 118 



Baldpate 118 



Green-winged teal 118 



Blue-winged teal 119 



Cinnamon teal 119 



Shoveller 119 



Pintail 120 



Wood duck 120 



Redhead 121 



Canvas-back 121 



Scaup duck 121 



Lesser scaup duck 121 



Ring-necked duck 122 



Barrow golden-eye 122 



BufHe-head " 124 



Harlequin duck 124 



White-winged scoter 127 



Ruddy duck 127 



Snow goose 127 



