OF BRITISH UIKDS. 31 



Most of them (as mauy as nineteen) breed both in subarctic and in sub- 

 tropic climates : — 



Emberiza fniliaria. 

 Emheriza hartulana. 

 Panurus hiarmicus. 

 Merula merula. 

 Sylvia c'merea. 

 Sylvia hortensis. 

 Acrocephahis palustris. 

 Acrocephalus aruaditiaceus. 

 Cypselus melba. 

 Anthus campestris. 

 Lanivs coUurio. 

 Perdix cinerea. 

 Otis tarda. 

 Rallus aquaticus. 

 Hcumatopus ostralegus. 

 Crex pratensis. 

 Crex porzana. 

 Crex parva. 

 Ciconia alba. 



The breeding-range of two species extends not only to subarctic and 

 subtropic climates but also to the tropics : — 



GEdicnemus crepitans. 

 Coracias garrulu. 



Four species may be regarded as exclusively subtropic in their breeding- 

 range : — 



Lanius minor. 

 Merops opiaster. 

 Otis tetrax. 

 Fuligula nyroca. 



The breeding-range of one species is both subtropic and ti'opic : — 



Ibis fulcinellus. 



