BULLFINCH. Pyrrhula vulgaris. 



Resident. Breeds in North Europe and Siberia up to the Arctic Circle. 

 Winters in South Europe, Turkestan, and South Siberia. West European 

 examples are smaller and duller than eastern examples. 



HAWFINCH. Coccothraustes vulgaris. 



Local resident in England, accidental visitor to Scotland and Ireland, 

 Breeds locally in North-west Africa, and across Europe, Asia Minor, and 

 Siberia south of lat. 60°. Winters in the southern portion of its bi'eeding- 

 range, and in North China and Japan. 



HOUSE-SPARROW. Passer domesticus. 



Common resident. Resident in Europe and West Siberia up to the 

 Arctic Circle (with the exception of Italy and the islands west of it), 

 North Africa, Asia Minor, Persia, India, and Burma. Tropical examples 

 differ slightly. 



TREE-SPARROW. Passer montanus. 



Local resident, very rare in Ireland. Resident in Europe and Asia 

 south of the Arctic Circle, except in Greece, Asia Minor, Palestine, Central 

 and Southern Persia, and India south of the Himalayas. 



GREENFINCH. FringiUa chloris. 



Common resident. Breeds in Europe south of the Arctic Regions, in 

 North-west Africa, Asia Minor, North-west Persia, and North-west Tur- 

 kestan. Migrates southwards from the coldest parts of its breeding-range 

 in winter. Subject to some local variation. 



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