GREY WAGTAIL, Motacilla boarula. 



Local resident. Breeds in the Azores, Canaries, Central and Southern 

 Europe, Asia Minor, Persia, Turkestan, Cashmere, South Siberia, and 

 Japan. Winters in the basin of the Mediterranean, India, Burma, and 

 China. Eastern examples have generally shorter tails than western ones. 



BLUE-HEADED WAGTAIL. Motacilla flava. 



Rare summer visitor ; very rare in Scotland, of doubtful occurrence in 

 Ireland. Breeds in subarctic and temperate Europe, South Siberia, 

 Mongolia, North China, and Alaska. Winters in South Africa, India, and 

 Burma. Subject to some local variation. 



YELLOW WAGTAIL. Motacilla rail. 



Summer visitor ; rare in Scotland, very rare in Ireland. Breeds in West 

 France and in the basin of the Caspian. Winters in South Africa. 

 Eastern birds supposed to differ slightly from western ones. 



TREE-PIPIT. Anthus arboreus. 



Summer visitor ; local in Scotland, unknown in Ireland. Breeds in 

 Europe and West Siberia, in Norway to lat. 69°, but in the valley of the 

 Yenesei to 62°. Winters in South Europe, Africa north of the equator, 

 and in North-west India. 



MEADOW-PIPIT. Anthus pratensis. 



Common resident. Breeds in Europe from the North Cape to the 

 Alps and the Pyrenees. Winters on both shores of the Mediterranean, 

 and in the South-west of Russian Turkestan, 



