PRINCIPLES OF PLANT CULTURE 
CHAPTER IL. 
INTRODUCTORY 
Before takingup a systematic study of plant culture, we 
may profitably consider a few principles of a more general 
nature. 
1. The Difference between Art and Science. Art is 
simply knowing how to do a thing without reference to 
reasons. Science considers the reasons for doing it in a 
particular manner. Artimplies more or less of skill gained 
through practice. Science implies a knowledge of the ob- 
jects to be gained by a given operation and the conditions 
affecting the process. 
An intelligent but ignorant person might be taught to 
prepare and insert a cion (386)* in the most approved manner. 
This pertains to the art of grafting. The same person 
might be taught the reasons why each step of the process is: 
performed in its particular manner. This pertains to the 
science of grafting. One may become a skilled grafter 
without learning the science of grafting, but he cannot 
graft intelligently. The artisan, however skillful, who knows 
only the art, cannot become a master workman in the highest 
sense until he learns also the science that underlies his trade. 
* The numbers in parenthesis in the text refer to the numbered paragraphs in 
this book, and are intended to help students to a better understanding of the 
subject. 
