274 
Shield budding, 213. 
Shifting and potting, 229. 
Side grafting, 210. 
Sifting box for applying insecticide 
powders, 158. 
Slenderness, pruning for, 240. 
Slips, 198. 
Smut of the small grains, 166. 
Sodium nitrate, 144. 
Soil and the root, 62; a scene of con- 
stant changes, 65; compacting, about 
seeds hastens germination, 27; com- 
pacting wet,may prevent germination, 
26; depth of roots in, 73; how pene- 
trated by root-tip, 67; ideal, for land 
plants, 64; importance of organic 
matter in, 65; needs ventilation, 66; 
particles of, dissolved by root-hairs, 
69; for potting, 230; puddled, defined, 
25; puddled, prevents germination, 26. 
Soil aeration promoted by drainage, 66; 
promotes soil fertility, 143. 
Species, 17. 
Specific names defined, 19. 
Spikelet, 94. 
Splice grafting, 206. 
Splitting down, to prevent branches 
from, 236. 
Spore germination favored by moisture, 
171; prevention of, 166. 
Spores, non-sexual, 16; of ferns, how 
planted, 37. 
Spraying outfit, steam, 160. 
Spray pump, 159. 
Sprinkling of plants under glass to be 
avoided in bright sunshine, 111. 
Squash, provision in, to aid plantlet to 
emerge from seed-case, 32. 
Stable manure, 146. 
Staking trees to prevent shaking by 
wind, 227. 
Stamens, 91. 
Starvatlon of roots, 60. 
Stem and root development dependent 
on number of leaves, 80. 
Stem defined, 76. 
Stem, fastest elongation of, 78; how 
lenzthens, 77; root originates in, 62; 
vital part of woody, 53. 
Principles of Plant Culture. 
Stem cuttings, 195; how planted, 197; 
proper length of, 196. 
Stems, how they increase in diameter, 
52; underground, 76. 
Stigma, 92. 
Stimulative pruning, 242. - 
Stocks, 203. 
Stockiness, pruning for, 239. 
Stoma defined, 47. 
Stomata defined, 47. 
Storage of cuttings, 194; of reserve food, 
60. 
Stratification of seeds, 104. 
Strawberry, perfect and imperfect flow- 
ers of, 97. 
Strength, pruning for, 240. 
Subjects for crossing, selection of, 253, 
Style, 92. 
Suckering defined, 35. 
Sulfate of potash, 145. 
Sulfur, part played by in plants, 43. 
Sun heat injurious to young seedlings; 
134. 
Sun-sceald, 112. 
Superphosphate, 145. 
Symbiosis, 143. 
Table for computing dew point, 123; 
showing duration of seed vitality, 101, 
showing germinating temperatures of 
seeds, 25, 
Tarred-paper cards, tool for cutting, 162. 
T-budding, 213. 
Temperature as affecting plant growth, - 
110; fatal to protoplasm, 111; influence 
of on absorption of water by seeds, 22: 
methods for controlling, 187. 
Tenderness defined, 13. 
Terminal buds, pinching of, effect on 
wood maturity, 119; destruction of, 
by cold, 116. 
Theory of evolution, 20. 
Thermal belts, 126. 
Thinning fruit, 99, 242. 
Time, most favorable for transplanting, 
219. 
Tobacco, broom rape of, 164; decoction 
of, for destroying aphide, 154; smoke 
for destroying insects, 154; topping. 
242, 246. 
