NXIV IVAR IRAGAKDII. 



The needles niined by this species are very characteristic and easily disting- 

 uished trom those niined by Cedestis, Dyscedestis and Ocnerosioma. No eggshell is 

 found on them, and it is ahvays the distal halt of the needle that is mined 

 (fig. 28), for about 7 — 15 mm., the entrance Ijeing as a rule at the proximal 

 part of the mine. The larva seems to eject the main part of its excrement 

 through a special hole and, furthermore, the gallery is clothed with silk, a 

 feature never occurring in the mines of the species mentioned above, The 

 larva prepares its hibernating qiiarters by clothing the walls of the mine with 

 silk and closing the apertures. A needle used for hibernating (fig. 28) 

 is easily recognized by the presence of two apertures, one of which {21) is open 

 while the other (?) is closed by silk; the open one is generally placed lower 

 down, and between the two there is often a portion [v] which seems to have 

 been excavated in the spring. 



Geographical distribution. Wallengren only records the species from Scania, 

 Småland and (iotland, but it is doubtless widely distributed in Sweden. It has 

 been found by the author in the vicinity ot Stockholm, in the Stockholm 

 archipelago, and at Leksand in Dalecarlia. At Sandhamn, in the Stockholm 

 archipelago, on stunted trees sometimes 50 °o of the buds were destroyed. 



Details of the larva are given in figs. 32 and 33, the pupa in fig. 34. 



Cedestis gvsselinella Dup. This moth oviposits on a pine needle, near its 

 base (fig. 36 a); the larva enters the needle through the bottom of the egg- 

 shell and makes a gallery towards the top, measuring 32 — 35 mm. Its last 

 stage the larva passes outside the mine, as a rule without feeding, and after 

 4 — 5 days it spins some needles loosely together and pupates (fig. 46 d). 

 Larvae nearly ready to leave the needles were found at the end of May, 

 and from the beginning to the middle of June larvae occurred outside the 

 needles, and pupae from the middle of the month, the moths appearing from 

 the 2 3rd of June. Låter in the summer no larvae were found, only one gene- 

 ration a year occurring. 



As a minute description of the larva was given by the author in a previous 

 paper (I), it is here only necessary to point out that the last instar differs 

 greatly from those mining in the needle. The latter are yellowish-red, have 

 the cuticle clothed with minute spinulae and the prothoracic shield well chiti- 

 nized, although reduced in size (fig. 36 b), while the former is of an olive- 

 green colour, with dark spöts surrounding the hairs (fig. 36 c), smooth cuticle 

 and weakly chitinized prothoracic shield. The pupa (fig. 37) resembles very 

 much that of Dvscedestis farinatella (Zell.) 



Dyscedestis farinatella (Zkli,.). This moth, j^reviously recorded only from 

 Scania, by WAr.LE.NGKEN, seems to be distributed at least över the southern part 

 of Sweden, the author having found it both at Karlsborg and över the vicinity 

 of Stockholm. The larva is, as already stated by v. Nolcken, a needle 

 miner, the mines agreeing entirely with those made by Ocnerosioma piniariclla 

 (figs. 44 and 45). For this reason the larvae of both species were not kept 

 apart,^ as it was only when the moths emerged that the occurrence of two 

 species in the material coUected became evident to me. On subsequent exami- 

 nation the pupae were found to be ([uite different, and with the aid of the 

 exuviae adhering to the cocoons it was possible to ascertain to which species 

 the larvae dissected out of the needles belonged. It is, however, not certain 

 whether the biological data refer to both species or only to one of them, but 



