30 



BARK-STOVE. 



and rather elegant appearance ; of 

 which one sxjecies, B. australis, well 

 deserves a place in collections. 

 i They may be grown in the open air 

 I in common soil, and may be propaga- 

 I ted by division of the root, or by seeds. 

 I Ba'rba Jo' vis. — A species of 

 ] Anthj'ilis. 

 ' Barbadoes Cherry.— See jMal- 



pi'ghia. 

 ' Barbadoes Gooseberry. — See 

 } Pere'skia. 



Barbare'a. — CriicifercB. — Per- 



I ennial plants, of which B. vulgaris 



! fibre pleno, the double Yellow 



I Eocket, is worthy of culture. It is 



\ propagated either by cuttings or 



■ division of the root, in common soil. 



! Barberry. — See Be'rberis. 



i Bark. — The refuse bark which 



; has been used for tanning leather, 



I and which produces considerable 



I heat by its fermentation. When 



< obtained from the tannery, it is ge- 



; nerally soaked in water, and then 



, spread out in an open shed, and 



I turned over several times ; after 



j this, it is laid in a ridge or heap, 



j and when it has begun to heat, it is 



j again turned over once or twice, 



: when it is fit to be put into the 



I bark-bed. In this bed or pit it 



i continues to ferment, and gives out 



i heat for several months : and when 



the heat begins to decline, fresh bark 



is added from the reserve stock in 



the shed. The bark-bed may be of 



any dimensions in regard of length 



and width, but it should seldom be 



more than two feet in depth, to 



prevent an es.cess of heat. The 



plants in pots are generally plunged 



in it, at first to half the depth of 



the pot, and afterwards to the rim. 



Substitutes for bark are stable-dung, 



leaves of trees, chaff, and any other 



vegetable or animal substances which 



ferment in decaying ; and in large 



towns the sweepings of streets may 



be used, as these, in some of the 



London gardens, are found to pro- 

 duce a steady and durable heat in 

 hotbeds and pits during the sum- 

 mer months. The best substitute 

 for the peculiar heat of the bark is, 

 however, a mass of stones heated by 

 steam, or a mass of soil, or sand, 

 heated by pipes of hot water. The 

 spent bark, after it will no longer 

 afi'ord heat for a hotbed, may be 

 used as a substitute for peat to grow 

 American plants, such as Rhodo- 

 dendrons and Azaleas ; but when 

 used for this purpose, it will require 

 to be mixed with a very large pro- 

 portion of sand. 



Bark, or Moist Stove. — A 

 plant structure, with a glass roof, 

 and a bed or pit in its centre, con- 

 taining a mass of fermenting matter, 

 or of earth or sand, heated by arti- 

 ficial means, in which plants in pots 

 are to be plunged. The plants 

 grown in such houses being natives 

 of the vv'armest parts of tropical 

 countries, the temperature in a 

 bark-stove should never be lower 

 than 60°, and during summer it may 

 rise as high as 80° or 90°. In gene- 

 ral, the heat ought to be greatest in 

 the day-time, and during bright 

 sunshine, and least during night, 

 throughout the year. To supply 

 the ail' in the house with sufficient 

 moisture, the floors of the passages 

 should be frequently watered ; and 

 to facilitate the same object, and to 

 subdue insects, the plants should be 

 syringed or watered overhead most 

 days in the year, and especially in 

 the summer season, about 3 o'clock 

 in the afternoon. After this water- 

 ing the house should be shut up for 

 the night, excepting when the 

 weather is very Avarm, when some 

 air may be given by opening the 

 sashes at 8 or 9 o'clock at night, 

 and leaving them open till the fol- 

 lowing morning at 6 or 7. Inde- 

 pendently of the bark-bed, the air 



