CALENDULA. 



43 



CALLTOPSIS. 



the little hardy shrubby kind, C. 

 ragbsa, with small, dark-yellow 

 flowers, will flag if water should be 

 neglected even for a single day. 

 The herbaceous kinds are still more 

 susceptible in this respect, and 

 when grown in pots, should stand 

 in saucers of water, the water being 

 changed every day, and never given 

 to them till it has been warmed by 

 standing for a little time in the 

 same temperature as the plants. 

 C. violacea is a shrubby kind, with 

 pale lilac flowers, which requires a 

 greenhouse. 



Calceolarias are propagated by 

 cuttings, which strike readily in 

 the same soil as that in which the 

 plants are grown ; and which do 

 not even require the aid of a bell- 

 glass, though they will certainly 

 strike sooner under one than with- 

 out. The seeds ripen in great 

 abundance, and they should be 

 { sown as soon as they are ripe. The 

 young plants should be pricked out 

 as soon as they come up, and then 

 transplanted into larger and larger 

 pots, increasing gradually in size, 

 and each being only a little larger 

 than the preceding one, till they 

 begin to show flower-buds : and 

 when thus treated, they will flower 

 the following summer. ^Yhen the 

 seeds are not sown till spring, they 

 will not flower till the second sum- 

 mer. There is only one annual 

 Calceolaria, C. 2'>inndta, and it is 

 not worth growing. 



Cale'ndula. — Compositcv. — The 

 Marigold. — There are several hand- 

 some species, some of which are 

 shrubby, and some annuals ; the 

 common Marigold, C. ofncinalis, 

 and its vaiieties, and C. stelldta, 

 are the handsomest of the annual 

 species. The Cape Marigolds, C. 

 pluvidlis, and C. hybrid a, have 

 been removed by Professor De Can- 

 dolle to a new genus, Avhich he 



calls Dimorphotheca. Both these 

 species are hardy annual plants, 

 with very elegant flowers, which 

 close at the withdrawal of the sun ; 

 and, as they do not open at all 

 when dark heavy clouds foretel the 

 approach of rain, Linnaeus called 

 the commonest species Calenchda 

 piluvidlis, or the rainy ]\farigold. 

 The florets of the ray of the flowers 

 of this plant are of a pure white 

 inside, and of a dark purple on the 

 outside ; while those of C. hybrida 

 are of a dingy orange outside. 



Californian Annuals. — Beau- 

 tiful annual plants, mostly sent home 

 by Douglas, and natives of Califor- 

 nia, on the north-west coast of 

 North America, They all bear cold 

 much better than they do heat ; and 

 they will live through the British 

 winters in the open air without any 

 protection, though they are easily 

 killed by the heat of summer, par- 

 ticularly if their roots become by 

 any chance exposed to the full i-ays 

 of the sun. The roots are indeed 

 very feeble, particularly at the col- 

 lar, where most plants are strong ; 

 and they will die in a few hours if 

 the sun strikes this vital part. 

 Nature has provided against this 

 danger, by giving most of these 

 plants a trailing habit, and thus 

 covering the roots with abundance 

 of leaves and stems : but cultivators, 

 not being aware of the use of this, 

 often, by training their plants over 

 a frame, &c., expose the collar, and 

 thus kill their plants. For the 

 mode of sowing, &c., see Annuals. 



Ca'lla. — See A^rum. 



Calli'chroa. — Composite^. — C. 

 pilatyglossa, the only species known, 

 is a showy Californian annual, with 

 golden-yellow flowers, requiring the 

 usual treatment of Californian an- 

 nuals. 



Callio'psis. — Compositce. -r- 

 E very one knows the beautiful plants 



