spicuous ornaments directed to be 

 used in the construction of Solo- 

 mon's Temple. There is a double- 

 flowered variety, which, during the 

 seventeenth and eighteenth cen- 

 turies, was the most favourite plant 

 in Continental and British orange- 

 ries, next to the Orange and the 

 Lemon ; and there is also a dwarf 

 double-tiowered variety, which, 

 when kept in a greenhouse, pro- 

 duces its fine vermilion flowers 

 from August to November. The 

 plant requires a dry loamy soil, a 

 south wall, and an airy situation ; 

 and care should be taken in prun- 

 ing it not to cut out the small 

 lateral twigs or spurs, on which 

 alone the blossoms are produced, 

 which should be left projecting from 

 the wall. It strikes root freely from 

 ripened cuttings and layers, and the 

 yellow and the white-flowered va- 

 rieties are sometimes grafted on the 

 common kind. 



Pd'rshia. — Eosacece. — A little 

 North American shrub, with small 

 yellow flowers, which is quite hardy, 

 and should be grown in sandy peat. 

 It is propagated by layers. 



Pyre'thkum. — Compositce. — Fe- 

 verfew. — Most of the species are 

 hardy perennials, which only require 

 planting in the open garden and the 

 usual treatment of perennial plants. 

 According to the last arrangements 

 of botanists, the Chinese Chrysan- 

 themums are now included in the 

 genus Pyrethrum. 



Pybo'la. — Ericacece. — Winter- 

 green. A pretty little shrub, one 

 species of which, P. rotundifolia, 

 is found mid in Sussex. 



Pr''RUS. — Eosacece. — The Apple 

 and Pear Trees. The different kinds 

 of Crabs and Pears are very orna- 

 mental from their blossoms, inde- 

 pendently of the utility of the fruit 

 of some of the species. The orna- 

 mental kinds are all low trees, 



admirably adapted for the lawn or 

 the shrubbery ; they are all of easy 

 culture in any common garden soil; 

 and they are propagated by grafting 

 the finer on the more common kinds. 

 To thrive and look well, however, 

 they requii'e an airy situation, and 

 not to be crowded among other trees. 

 Most of the species, and especially 

 the Crabs, are very liable to be 

 attacked by insects in the leafing and 

 : flowering seasons ; and they should 

 then be carefully watched, and the 

 caterpillars picked off" as soon as 

 I they are visible. Among the kinds 

 ! most worthy of notice, are the 

 j following : Pprus spectdbilis, the 

 Chinese Crab or Garland-flowering 

 i Wild Apple, producing the most 

 showy flowers of the whole genus in 

 ]\ray, and as hardy as the common 

 Crab or Wild Pear. P. coroauria, 

 the Sweet-scented Crab, with large 

 and beautiful pink blossoms, highly 

 , fragrant, as is the first. P. c. angus- 

 I tifolia, the narrow-leaved sweet- 

 scented Crab, with blossoms as beau- 

 tiful as the former, and with the 

 leaves sub-evergreen. This, and the 

 two preceding kinds, have the fruit 

 j green when ripe and fragrant, but it 

 \ is not good to eat. Pprus baccata 

 and P. jyimifdlia, the two kinds of 

 Siberian Crab, have very showy 

 blossoms, and small red or yellow 

 fmit, useful in cookery. These are 

 the principal ornamental species of 

 the Crab or Apple kind, unless we 

 I except one, the Moscow or Trans- 

 ' parent Crab, Pyrus astracdnica, 

 which has fruit almost as large as 

 j a golden Pippin, wax-coloured, 

 and almost transparent when ripe. 

 ! Though commonly cultivated for its 

 fruit, as useful for the table, it well 

 deserves a place on the lawn as an 

 ornamental plant, from the extra- 

 ordinary beauty of the Crabs. The 

 ornamental Pears are the follow- 

 ing : P. salvifolia, which has woolly 



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