311 



he plunged to the brim. "When tlie 

 heap begins to cool, in consequence 

 of the fermentation diminishing, the 

 tan may be turned over, and the pots 

 i-eplunged, adding a Kttlefi-esh tan, if 

 necessary, to keep the pit to the proper 

 degree of fulness. When the heat 

 subsides a second time, the tan may 

 be again turned, and a large portion 

 of fresb material added ; and the 

 third time the old tan may be sifted 

 inturningjaudafterwardsmixedw-itb 

 new. To prolong the heat in tan by 

 diminishing the intensity of the fer- 

 mentation, common salt is sometimes 

 added ; and to increase the fermen- 

 tation, yeast, though rather an expen- 

 sive material, is sometimes mixed 

 ■v\dth it. The heat of the tan-bed 

 should generally exceed the heat of 

 the atmosphere of the house by from 

 3° to 10°, accordingto circumstances ; 

 and it should seldom be lower than 

 60°, or higher than 75° or 80°. In 

 general, a tan-pit or bed requires to 

 be turned three or four times a year ; 

 and if salt is sprinkled over it each 

 time, the fermentation will be so far 

 retarded that the bed wiU retain its 

 heat for a twelvemonth. For the 

 purpose of growing Pine Apples, or 

 large hothouse plants. Oak or other 

 leaves, or even dung, may be substi- 

 tuted for tan ; but for the purpose 

 of striking cuttings, tan is greatly 

 preferable, because the heat pro- 

 duced is not accompanied with so 

 much moisture, and hence the cuttings 

 are not liable to be damped off. In 

 situations where tan or leaves cannot 

 be procured, sawdust is an excellent 

 substitute, and even the husks of oats. 

 Sawdust is an excellent medium for 

 striking Epacr Ideas and the Cape 

 Heaths ; the heat being more gentle 

 and regular than with most other 

 fermenting substances, "When tan 

 has lost the greater pajrt of its heat, it 

 then forms an excellent medium for 

 striking fleshy-leaved plants such as 



Bromelia, which require rather a dry 

 heat, and a medium which undergoes 

 the least possible change in respect to 

 moisture. It may also be used as a 

 substitute for peat, if mixed with an 

 equal quantity of sand, and will be 

 very useful for growing Rhododen- 

 drons and other peat-earth plants. 



[ Taxace'tum. — Compositce. — The 

 Tansy. Herbaceous plants, "which 



; are quite hardy in any common gar- 

 den soil, and which are increased by 

 dividing the roots. 



Tangier Pea. — Ldthyrus tingi- 



\ tdnus. — See La'thyrus. 



j Taxst. — See TANACE'TUii. 



i Taxo'dium. — Cow. f era-. — See 



i Deciduous Cypress. 



Ta'xus. — ConifercB. — The Yew. 

 — The common "Tew is too large a 

 tree to be noticed here ; but the 

 Irish Yew, from its erect form and 

 broad leaves, makes a very handsome 

 plant, vv'hich, from the slowness of its 

 growth, may for a long time be almost 

 considered a shrub. There are also 



I some Japan and Chinese species (some 

 of which are now included in the 



' genus Podocdrpus), which are very 



I ornamental. They will all grow in 

 any garden soil, and are raised from 



Tea Tree.— See The'a. The 

 Duke of Argyle's Tea Tree, Lycmm. 

 bdrbarum, is often called the Tea- 



! tree in gardens from mistake. See 



I Ly'cium. 



' Te'coma. — BignGiiiacece. — The 



j Trumpet Flower. — All the species 

 which now compose the genus Tecoma 

 were formerly well known under the 

 name of Bignonia, particularly T. 

 radlcans, the common Trumpet- 

 flower, which is quite hardy in British 

 gardens, and T. grand ijlora, which 

 is nearly so. Some of the species 

 reqidre a greenhouse, and some a 

 stove ; but they all grow freely in a 

 rich, light, loamy soil, and they are aU. 

 propagated by cnttings of the roots. 



