APPENDIX. 363 



duced. As soon as the colours for the different beds have been chosen, 

 plants may be selected of the colours required, and brought forward in a 

 reserve garden, till the beds are ready to receive them. 



When a Jloiver-(jarden is to he laid out, the ground is first dug over, 

 raked, and made perfectly smooth. The plan traced on the paper is then 

 transferred to the ground, generally in the following manner : The paper 

 containing the plan is covered with regular squares, like the paper con- 

 taining plans of the Berlin worsted work : the ground to be laid out is 

 covered with similar squares, foi-med by sticking wooden pegs in the 

 ground at regular distances, and fastening strings from peg to peg, till 

 the whole ground is covered with a kind of lattice- work of string. Each 

 string is then chalked and made to thrill by pulling it up about half-way 

 between the pegs with a sudden jerk, and letting it go again, this transfers 

 the chalk from the string to the groimd, which thus becomes marked all 

 over with white lines, forming regular squares. The squares on the 

 ground should be of the same number as those on the paper, but larger ; 

 the usual proportion is, every square inch on the paper is represented by 

 a square foot on the ground. The pattern is then traced with a sharp- 

 pointed stick, the proportion in each square being copied. Sometimes, 

 when the pattern is simple, it is traced on the gi-ound simply by chalked 

 string stretched from peg to peg — the pegs being stuck into the ground at 

 regular distances, which have been previously measured, having been en- 

 larged from the plan traced on paper according to a regular scale, in the 

 same way as the squares were directed to be enlarged, according to the 

 previous plan. If a circle is to be traced, it is done by getting a piece of 

 string the length of the diameter of the circle, with a piece of stick tied to 

 each end. One stick is then driven into the ground in the centre of the 

 circle, and a line is traced with the stick at the other extremity of the 

 line, which is drawn out quite tight. An oval is made by tracing two 

 circles, the outer line of one of which just touches the centre of each 

 other ; short lines are afterwards made at the top and bottom, and the 

 central lines are obliterated. A square only requires a peg at each 

 corner, with a chalked string drawn from peg to peg ; and an oblong, or 

 long square, is made by joining two common squares and taking off the 

 corners if required. 



When the beds are traced out, the walks must be laid with either turf 

 or gravel, and very great care must be taken to keep them exactly 

 within bounds ; very great care mi;st also be taken to keep the beds of 

 precisely the proper form, as the least disproportion is seen in a moment 

 in a regular figure, and has a very bad effect. The plants should also be 

 constantly attended to, so as to let them cover the beds entirely, and not 

 project in the least beyond the outline ; for, however beautiful wildness 

 and irregularity may be in some situations, in a regular flower-garden 

 they can only give the idea of carelessness and neglect. 



ROCK-WORK. 



It has been already stated in this work, that there are two kinds of 

 rock-work, viz., that which is intended to imitate natural scenery (see 



