756 WEED FLORA OF IOWA 



Gumweed (Grindelia squarrosa Dunal). 



Indigenous to western Iowa, rapidly spreading in contiguous 

 territory, and reported from Boone and Moingona, as abundant 

 in borders of woods along Chicago & North Western Railway in 



1890 and still spreading in 1912 ; reported from Keokuk, 1891 

 (P. H. Rolfs) ; Battle Creek, 1895 (E. G. Preston) ; Osgood, 1895 

 (C. A. Wells) ; Carbonado, 1895 (John H. Smith) ; Smithland, 

 1896 (J. M. Wrapp). 



Eclipta (Eclipta alba Hassk.). 

 Keokuk, 1877 (Geo. E. Ehinger), 1891 (P. H. Rolfs). 



Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). 



Occasional in Ames and other parts of central Iowa, but in 

 western Iowa indigenous and very abundant, becoming frequent 

 as far as Carroll (Kelley) 1900; Denison and Boone. It was re- 

 ported in Boone in 1871 (C. E. Bessey) ; Ames, 1882; Grinnell, 



1891 (M. E. Jones) ; Keokuk, 1894 (P. H. Rolfs) ; Muscatine, 1891 

 (Reppert) ; and Marshalltown, 1891 (F. C. Stewart). It is not 

 abundant except in a few localities in central Iowa. It is an in- 

 troduced plant with us. 



CONVOLVULACEAE, MORNING-GLORY FAMILY. 



Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis). 



This weed is of long standing in the United States. It is men- 

 tioned by Torrey in his Compendium of "The Flora of the North- 

 ern and Middle States" in 1826, and Dr. Gray in his first edition 

 of his manual in 1848 gives the distribution from Massachusetts 

 to Pennsylvania. Darlington, in 1853, states: "This foreigner 

 has gradually extended itself among us — and will probably give 

 our farmers much trouble if they do not carefully guard against 

 it." This certainly has been realized in many of the central and 

 eastern states. The statement in the seventh edition of Gray's 

 manual would indicate quite general distribution in the region 

 embraced in this work. The fifth edition (1867) states, "fields 

 near the coast; likely to become a troublesome weed." Britton 

 gives its distribution from Nova Scotia to Kansas (1901) ; South 

 Dakota, Parker (1903). It was abundant in St. Louis in 1886 

 and was' reported at various times in Iowa as a troublesome weed 



