760 WEED FLORA OF IOWA 



White Sweet Clover (Melilotus alba Lam.). 



This plant is not named by Torrey in 1826, but in 1840 its dis- 

 tribution was given by Torrey and Gray as ' ' Rich soils, along rivers, 

 New York and New England. Introduced." In Flora Cestrica, 

 Darlington says that it appears in gardens and lots, having been 

 naturalized from Europe. In 1853 he says that "this coarse hard 

 stemmed plant has been partially cultivated by some amateur 

 farmers ; but it is not likely to supersede the herbs now in general 

 use as food for cattle." In the first edition of Gray's Manual its 

 distribution is given as "adventitious from Europe." The same 

 distribution is given in the sixth edition. In the seventh edition 

 we read, "Roadsides, etc., common. (Nat. from Europe)." In 

 Iowa, while it is found along the roadsides everywhere, the dates 

 given with the following localities may indicate to some extent how 

 it has spread: Vicinity of Ames, 1886; Iowa City, 1887 (A. S. 

 Hitchcock) ; Emmet county, 1888 (Cratty) ; Ames, found frequent- 

 ly, 1890 (J. F. Rolfs and F. C. Stewart) ; Muscatine, 1891 (Rep- 

 pert) ; Turin and Onawa, 1894 (L. H. Pammel) ; Webster City and 

 Postville, 1894; Alden, 1895 (Stevens); abundant in Moingona, 

 Boone, Slater. Council Bluffs and Sioux City, 1895 (Pammel) ; Da- 

 kota City, 1896 (Pammel) ; Kossuth county, 1897 (R. I. Cratty) ; 

 Ogden, 1898; Carroll, 1898; Marshalltown and Des Moines, 1902 

 (Pammel). It was introduced into the vicinity of La Crosse, Wis- 

 consin, as a forage plant in 1878 or 1879. 



Wild Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza lepidota Nutt.). 



This weed was reported from Grand Junction, 1872 (C. E. Bes- 

 sey), and Harrison county, 1875 (Rev. Burgess) ; Ontario, 1886 

 (Hitchcock) ; Ames, 1889 (Hitchcock) ; Greenfield, 1891 (F. C. 

 Stewart). Spreading near Greenfield, undoubtedly introduced, in- 

 digenous to western and northwestern Iowa. It was spreading at 

 Little Rock, 1893 (C. R. Ball); Hull, 1895 (W. Newell); Logan, 

 1895; Council Bluffs, LeMars, 1896 (W. J. Newell) ; Lenox, 1896 

 (J. L. H.). 



Stone Clover {Trifolium arvense L.). 



Collected by Professor Bessey in 1871, has not been found since. 



Hop Clover (Trifolium agrarium L.). 



Reported by Hitchock from Ames in 1886, has not been found 

 since. 



