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continued in a direction from west to east, and pointing to 

 Alaska as the supposed culture home. The facts alleged in 

 favour of this hypothesis were: 1) the successive completion of 

 the most valuable invention, the kayak, with its implements 

 and the art of using the latter, especially the double -bladed 

 paddle, the great harpoon with the hunting bladder, the kayak- 

 clothes and the hunters capacity of rising to the surface again, 

 in the event of being overturned. 2) the gradual change of 

 several customs, namely the use of lip ornaments ceasing at the 

 Mackenzie river, the use of masks at festivals continuing unto 

 Baffin's land, and the women's head gear, gradually altered 

 betAveen Point Barrow and Baffin's bay, 3) the construction of 

 buildings and, at the same time, in some degree, the social or- 

 ganisation and religious customs. The gradual, but, of course, 

 still only slight change in all these features of the stale of 

 culture, seems to go side by side with the increasing natural 

 difficulties and the effect of isolation in removing from the ori- 

 ginal home. At the same time, the original stock of settlers 

 in spreading towards the east, may have been augmented by 

 those other tribes of Eskimo race above alluded to who, per- 

 haps yielding to the pressure from hostile Indians, and retiring 

 to the north by way of the Mackenzie, the Coppermine, and 

 the Great Fish-rivers , may have met and associated with these 

 immigrants of their own nation who already had reached the 

 Central Regions beyond Cape Balhurst. This suggestion may 

 explain several diversities between the east and the west, as 

 well as the relatively large number of immigrants to Greenland. 

 Several facts speak in favour of presuming that Alaska 

 was populated by Eskimo in very remote ages. Narrowly 

 accumulated ruins, almost like remains of a whole Eskimo 

 town are said to stretch along the river Yukon somewhat inside 

 of its mouth. Lieut. Ray in his Report on the Point Barrow 

 Expedition says: "that the ancestors of those people (present 

 Eskimo) made it their home for ages is conclusively shown by 



