AND GENERAL HORTICULTURE. 



43 



BAR 



C. Calisaya; Select Crown, C. chahuanguera ; 

 Ashy Crown, C. macrocalyx, C. rotundifolia ; 

 Fine Crown, C. crispa; Losa Crown, C Con- 

 daminea; Wiry Crown, C.hirsuia; Cinnamon, 

 C. coccinea ; Cusco, Ariza, C. pubescens; Red 

 Cuseo, St. Ann's, C. scrobiculata ; Huanuco, 

 Gray, C. micrantha, C. glandulifera, C nitida; 

 Original Loja, C. uritusinga; Negrilla, C 

 heterophylla ; Red, C. conglomerata ; Genuine 

 Red, C. siiA^cirubra; Spurious Red, C. magni- 

 folia. Tlie principal sorts are sometimes 

 classed thus : Gray Barks : Crown or Loxa, C. 

 condaminea, C. scrobiculata, C. macrocalyx; 

 Lima, Huanuco, Silver, C. micrantha, C. Ian- 

 ceolata, C. glandulifera, and probably C. pur- 

 purea. Red Barks : C. nitida. Yellow Barks: 

 C. Calisaya, C. micrantha, C. Condaminea, 

 C lancifolia. Rusty Barks : C. hirsuta, C. 

 micra7itha, C. ovilafolia, and probably C. pur- 

 purea. "White Barks : C. ovata, C. pubescens, 

 C. cordifolia. For a complete account of the 

 medicinal Cinchona Barks, see Mr. Howard's 

 splendid volume, entitled, " The Nu£ra 

 Quinologia of Pavon.'' 



The following Barks are also employed offl- 

 cinally or eoonomieally : Alcornoco or Alcoi'- 

 noque, the astringent bark of several species 

 of Byrsonima, or, according to some authori- 

 ties, of Bowdichia virgillioides. Angostura 

 Bark, the febrifugal bark of Galipea Cusparia 

 or G. officinalis. Babul Bark, the astringent 

 bark of Acacia Arabica. Bastard Cabbage 

 Bark, the bark of Andira inennis; the same 

 as Worm Bark. Bastard Jesuit's Bark, the 

 bark of Ivafrutescens. Bonace Bark, the bark 

 of Daphne tinifolia. Canella Bark, the stimu- 

 lant aromatic bark of Canellaalbn. Caribaean 

 Bark, the astringent bark of E.tostemma cari- 

 bctum. Cascarilla or Sweet Wood Bark, the 

 aromatic bark of Croton Cascarilla and C. 

 pseudo-China. China Bark, the febrifugal 

 bark of Buenn hexandra. Conessi Bark, the 

 astringent bark of Wrightia antidysenterica. 

 Culilawan Bark, the aromatic stimulant bark 

 of Cinna.momum Culilairan. Eleuthera Bark, 

 the aromatic bark of Croton Cascarilla. False 

 Angostura Bark, the bark of Sirychnos nux- 

 vomica. French Guiana Bark, the febrifugal 

 bark of Portlandia hexandra. Hemlock Bark. 

 the astringent bark of Tsuga Canadensis, used 

 for tanning leather. Jesuit's Bark, the same 

 as Peruvian Bark. Juribali Bark, an astrin- 

 gent bark of Demerara, supposed to be the 

 produce of some Cedrelaceous plant. Me- 

 lambo Bark, the aromatic febrifugal bark of 

 some species of Galipea, or one of its allies. 

 Mesereum Bark, the acrid, Irritant bark of 

 Daphne Mczereum. Monesia Bark, the bark of 

 some South American Sapntacece. Muruxi 

 Bark, the astringent bark of Byrsonima spicata, 

 used by the BraziUan tanners. Niepa Bark.the 

 febrifugal bark of Samadera Indica. Ordeal, 

 Sassy, or Saucy Bark, is the poisonous bark 

 of Erythrophlaum guineen.'^p, of Sierra Leone. 

 Panococco Bark, the sudorific bark of Swartzia 

 tomentosa. Quercitron Bark, the yellow dye 

 bark of Quercus titictoria. Quillai Bark, the 

 bark of Qnillaia saponaria, used as a substi- 

 tute for soap. Sassafras Bark, is the aromatic 

 bark of Atherosperma mo.'^chata. Stringy Bark 

 of Tasmania, Eucalyptus gigantea. Sweet Wood 

 Bark, the same as Cascarilla Bark. Nine 

 Bark, an Ameiican name for Spircea opuhfolia. 

 White Wood Bark, the same as Canella Bark. 

 Winter's Bark, the tonic aromatic bark of 



BAR 



Drymis Winteri. Worm Bark, the bark of 

 Andira iyiermis, formerly u&ed as an anthel- 

 mintic. There are other barks, but these are 

 the principal ones having a commercial or 

 medicinal value. 



Barke'ria. After the late Mr. Barker, of Bir- 

 mingham, Eng., an ardent cultivator of 

 Orchids. Nat. Ord. Orchidacece. 



A small genus of verj' beautiful epiphytal 

 Orchids, natives of Mexico and Central 

 America. They closely resemble the well- 

 known genus Epidendruni. B. spectabilis, 

 called in Guatemala, Flor de Isabel, is the 

 finest species. It is one of the votive offer- 

 ings of the Catholics in that countrj". The 

 plants should be grown in baskets of moss 

 in a warm house. They are increased by 

 division. Introduced in 1843. 



Barle'ria. After the Rev. J. Barrelier, of Paris. 

 Nat. Ord. Acanthucea. 



A large genus of herbs and shrubs, natives 

 of the tropical regions of both the Old and 

 the New Worlds. The flowers are pur|>)e., 

 yellow, orange, or white, produced in axillary 

 or terminal spikes or heads. But few of the 

 species have been introduced into the garden 

 or green-house. B. cristata, a native of the 

 East Indies, is a pretty little hot-house ever- 

 green plant, bearing its purplish-lilac flowers 

 in great profusion in summer, making it a 

 desirable border plant. It is propagated by 

 cuttings. Introduced in 179G. 



Barley. The common name for Hordeum vul- 

 gare, which see. 



Barna'rdia. Name in honor of E. Barnard, 

 F. L. S. Nat. Ord. Liliacece. 



A small genus of half-hardy bulbs from 

 China and Japan. The flowers are pale blue, 

 similar to the Sciila, and from the resemblance 

 the finest species has been called .B. scillioides. 

 They require to be grown in a frame. Pro- 

 pagated by offsets. Introduced in 1819. 



Barnyard Grass. The common name for Pani- 

 cum Crus-galii. 



Baro'sma. From barys, heavy, and osme, odor ; 

 referring to the powerful scent of the leaves. 

 Nat. Ord. Ruta/xce. 



A genas of evergreen, green-house shrubs, 

 natives of the Cape of Good Hope, where the 

 leaves are used by the Hottentots to perfume 

 themselves with. The Bucku leaves of com- 

 merce, which are much used in medicine as a 

 stimulant and tonic, are produced from sev- 

 eral of the species. 



Barren Flowers. The staminate, or male 

 flowers of many plants, are popularly known 

 as Barren flowers, and are generally produced, 

 as in the ca.se of cucumbers, meh)ns, etc., by 

 monoecious plants, that is, those having male 

 and female oi-gans in different flowers, but on 

 the same plant. A good example of Barren 

 flowers is seen in the ray-florets of many com- 

 posite plants, such as the Thistle or Aster, 

 which are frequently really neuter, having 

 neither male nor female organs. 



Barringto'nia. Named after the Hon. Daines 

 Barrington. Nat. Ord. MyHacece. 



This genus consists of tropical evergreen 

 trees, some of which are of large dimensions. 

 They are found in many parts of India, but in 

 the greatest numbers in the Malayan penin- 

 sula and the islands of the India Ocean ; two 

 species are found in N. Australia, and one on 



