68 



HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS 



CAM 



should be provided for each section as they 

 require it ; observing to supply them bounti- 

 fully with water during the whole period of 

 growth, with an occasional sprinkling over 

 the foliage, and moderate shade. Any situa- 

 tion secure from frost will preserve them 

 through the winter, and as the flowers expand, 

 the plants may be removed wherever their 

 presence may be deemed most ornamental. 

 Many of the best Camellias in cultivation 

 have been raised from seed in this country ; 

 several of the finest of which have originated 

 in Boston, with Messrs. M. P. Wilder and C. H. 

 Hovey, and have been awarded the highest 

 honors. The usual mode of propagation is by 

 cuttings, or by grafting or inarching, either of 

 which should be done as soon as the new 

 wood is firm enough to handle. The sub- 

 jects operated on should be placed in a close, 

 humid atmosphere, such as is afforded by a 

 common hand-glass placed over a tan-bark 

 bed. The union takes place in a few weeks, 

 and with encouragement, the scions will form 

 fine plants in one season. The Tea Plant, known 

 generally as Thea Bohea or Thea viridis, is now 

 returned by many botanists to this genus 

 under the name of C theifera. 



Camoe'nsia. Named in honor of Louis Cam- 

 oens, a celebrated Portuguese poet. Nat. Ord. 

 LeguminoscB. 



C. maxima, the only species yet in cultiva- 

 tion, was introduced from Angola in 1878, and 

 is the largest-flowered leguminous plant 

 known. It is one of the most beautiful of 

 tropical climbers. The splendid bunches of 

 pendulous milk-white flowers, tinged with 

 gold on the edges of the petals, grow in droop- 

 ing racemes from the axils of the leaves ; the 

 petals are white, venose, frilled at the margin, 

 where they ai-e tinted with golden-yellow. 

 Propagated by cuttings. 



Campa'nula. Bell Flower. The diminutive of 

 campana, a bell; literally, a little bell. Nat. 

 Ord. CampanulacecB. 



This extensive and well-known genus con- 

 sists of more than two hundred species, 

 including annuals, biennials, and perennials. 

 Some of the hardy perennials are dwarf plants, 

 producing a profusion of flowers, which ren- 

 der them particularly adapted for rock-work 

 or for growing in pots. C. pyramidalis is a 

 tall-growing variety, at one time a very popu- 

 lar plant, and some of the old gardeners still 

 cling to it with a peculiar fondness. When 

 grown in pots it requires frequent repot- 

 ting, which will bring it to an enormous size. 

 When well grown it is a splendid plant. C. 

 medium (Canterbury Bell) is a very ornamental 

 garden flower of the easiest culture, with 

 double and single varieties, bearing blue, red, 

 purple, and white flowers. Like other bien- 

 nials, it may either be sown where it is to 

 remain, any time after midsummer, or may be 

 sown in beds in spring for transplanting. C. 

 rotundifolia (Hairbell) is the most beautiful of 

 our native species. Some of the species are 

 grown in France and Italy as esculent roots. 

 All succeed well in any good soil, and are pro- 

 pagated freely by seeds or division. 



Campa'nula'ceae. A natural order of milky 

 herbs or undershrubs, with alternate leaves, 

 having no stipules, and usually bearing showy 

 blue or white flowers. The plants are chiefly 

 natives of the north of Asia, Europe, and 



CAM 



North America, and are scarcely known in hot 

 regions. The chains of the Alps, Italy, Greece, 

 the Caucasus, and the Altai, are their true 

 homes. Several are found at the Cape of Good 

 Hope. The plants have a milky, acrid juice, 

 but the roots and young shoots are often culti- 

 vated as articles of food, as, for example, the 

 Bampion {Campanula Rapuneulus). There are 

 twenty-nine known genera, and 510 species. 

 Some of them furnish handsome flowers for 

 the border. Jasione, Phyteuma, Campanvla, 

 Adonophora, and Platycodon are examples of 

 the order. 



Campa'nulate. Bell-shaped, as the corolla of 

 Campanula. 



Campeachy "Wood. The red dye-wood, better 

 known as Logwood, obtained from HoRmxir- 

 toxylon Camppchianum. 



Camphire, or Samphire. Crithmum maritimum. 



Camphor. See Camphor a. 



Ca'mphora. Camphor-tree. From Camphor, 

 the commercial name of its chief product. 

 Nat. Ord. Lauracece. 



C. officinalis, the only species constituting 

 this genus, is an evergreen tree that grows to 

 a considerable height, dividing into many 

 branches covered with smooth, greenish bark. 

 Its flowers are small, white, destitute of calyx, 

 with a six-petalled corolla. Tbe fruit re- 

 sembles that of the cinnamon. 



This tree is a native of China and Japan, 

 growing abundantly in the woods of the 

 western part of the island. The roots, 

 wood and leaves have a strong odor of 

 camphor. This substance is found to 

 lodge everywhere in the interstices of 

 the fibres of the wood, also in the pith, but 

 most abundantly in the crevices and knots. 

 The camphor of commerce, or Chinese cam- 

 phor, is obtained from the wood, branches 

 and leaves, by dry distillation. It is chiefly 

 produced in the island of Formosa, and is 

 brought in great quantities to Canton, whence 

 foreign countries are supplied. 

 Campion. Moss. Silene acaulis. 



Rose. Lychnis coronaria, and L. Flos Jovis. 



Campsi'dium. From Kampsis, a curving. Nat. 

 Ord. BignoniaceoB. 



C. Jilicifolium is a beautiful climber from 

 Chili. The foliage is of a dark shining green 

 color, and resembles the fronds of some 

 Ferns. The flowers are small, of a rich 

 orange color. It is a rapid grower, well 

 adapted for covering rafters or back walls in 

 the green-house. In the woods, in its wild 

 state, it grows forty to flfty feet high, cover- 

 ing the tops of the trees in a most graceful 

 manner. 



Camptoso'rus. Walking Fern. The rather 

 rare or local C. rhizophyllus, is the only native 

 representative of the genus, and is remark- 

 able for its fronds, tapering above into a 

 slender prolongation like a runner, which 

 often roots at the apex, and gives rise to new 

 fronds, and these in turn to others ; hence 

 the popular name. Syn. Asplenium. 



Campylobo'trys. From kampylos, a curve, and 

 botrys, a bunch ; alluding to the form of the 

 inflorescence. Nat. Ord. Cinchonacece. 



A genus of very beautiful green-house 

 shrubs, natives of Brazil. They are more 

 remarkable for their glossy foliage than for 



