382 



HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS 



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little white lead, just enough to give it the 

 appearance of thin milk. This we throw on 

 the outside of the glass with a syringe. It 

 costs only about twenty-five cents for every 

 thousand square feet. Tliis shading is tlio 

 best we have ever used; it is just enough to 

 take the glare of sunlight off, without much 

 lessening tiie light; and though it will hold 

 on tenaciously during the summer, is easily 

 rubbed off in fall. 



Garden CuiiTURe of the Rose. — But little 

 need be said on this branch of the subject, all 

 that is wanted being a deep, rich soil, in an 

 unshaded position. For the dry climate of 

 the United States a class of Roses should be 

 grown very different from those grown in 

 England. There the " Remontants " or " Hy- 

 brid Perpetuals," in thc^ir humid atmosphere, 

 witli few exceptions, flower nearly as freely as 

 the "Monthly" Roses do here; but with us 

 experience has shown that, after the first 

 bloom in June, no full crop of flowers is again 

 obtained, unless with the comi)arativeIy new 

 class known as the Hybrid Teas, of which 

 "La France, Dinsmore, and Duchess of 

 Edinburgh " are types ; so that, when a con- 

 tinued bloom of Roses is desired during the 

 entire summer and fall months, the class 

 known as monthly (embracing Tea, Bourbon, 

 Bengal, and Noisette) are the best. True, 

 these varieties are not usually hardy, unless 

 in that portion of the country where the ther- 

 mometer never gets 20" below the freezing 

 point ; but they can be saved through the 

 winter in almost any section if pegged down and 

 covered up with five or six inches of leaves 

 or rough litter. This covering, however, 

 should not be done until quite hard frost 

 comes ; in New York about the first week in 

 December. If done sooner, there is danger, 

 if the season is mild (as it usually is here 

 until December Ist), that the shoots may be 

 smothered and decay by a too early covering. 

 This same rule we adopt in covering Grape 

 Vines, Clematis, Raspberries, Strawberries, 

 or, in fact, any other plant or shrub that we 

 believe to be benefited by winter protection, as 

 we have never yet seen injury done to half- 

 hardy plants by frost previous to that date. In 

 this matter of covering, the amateur in garden- 

 ing often errs, first from his anxiety to protect 

 his plants before there is danger in the fall ; 

 and next, in his enthusiasm in spring, he is 

 deceived by some warm day in March to un- 

 cover what is not safe until April. 



Rosaceae. A large natural order of herbs or 

 shrubs, very rarely trees, chiefly abundant in 

 temperate regions, extending into the Arctic 

 Zone, as well as ascending to the highest ele- 

 vations, and more sparingly dispersed within 

 the tropics. Bentham and Hooker, in the 

 " Genera Plantarum," have divided up this 

 extensive and important order into ten tribes, 

 several of which are regarded by some other 

 writers as distinct orders. Many beautiful 

 flowers are included in Rosaceoe., the Rose, of 

 course, taking the lead. The principal fruits 

 furnished are the Almond, Apricot, Apple, 

 Blackberry, Cherry, Peach, Pear, Plum, Quince, 

 Raspberry and Strawberry. Rose water is ob- 

 tained by distillation from the petals of R. 

 centifolia, Damascena, mo8chata, etc., as is also 

 the Attar of Roses by maceration in oil of 

 Sesamum. The bark of Moquila utilis, the 



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Pottery-tree of the Amazon, contains such an 

 amount of silica that, when powdered and 

 mixed with clay, it is employed in making 

 pottery by the natives of Para. The order 

 contains about seventy genera, of which Cra- 

 tmgus, Prunus, Potentilla, Rosa, Rubus, and 

 Spirma are good examples, and one thousand 

 or more species. 



Rosary Plant. See Abrus precatorius. 



Rosary Plant, Mexican. Rhyncosia precatoria. 



Rose. The genus Rosa ; the name is also ap- 

 plied to other flowers, as Rose Geranium, 

 Christmas Rose, etc. 



Alpine. Rhododendron ferrugineum, R. hirsur 

 turn, etc. 



Ash-leaved. Rosa fraxinifolia. 



Australian, Native. Boronia serrulata. 



Austrian Brier. Rosa lutea, ya,r. punicea. 



Ayrshire. Rosa arvensis, var. scandens. 



Bengal. Rosa Bengulensis. 



Boursalt. Rosa Boursalti. 



Bramble. Rosa polyantha. 



Bramble-leaved. Rosa rubifolia. 



Bridal. Rubus rosafolius, var. coronariua. 



Cabbage. Rosa centifolia. 



Cherokee. Rosa laevigata. 



China, or Monthly. Rosa indica. 



Christmas. Helleborus niger. 



Cinnamon. Rosa cinnamomea. 



Damask. Rosa Damascena. 



Evergreen. Rosa sempervirena. 



Fairy. Rosa Lawrenceana. 



French. Rosa Gallica. 



Green-flowered. Rosa viridiflora. 



Guelder. Viburnum Opulus. 



Harrison. An American seedling from Rosa 

 lutea. 



Holly. The genus Helianthemum. 



Hundred-leaved. Rosa centifolia. 



Jamaica. The genus Meriania. Also applied 

 to Blakea trinervis. 



Japanese. Rosa Yvara, and the genus Ca- 

 mellia. 



" Juno's." A name given to LiUum candidum. 



Lady Banks's. Rosa Banksice. 



Lenten. The species of Helleborus which 

 bloom in Lent. 



Macartney. Rosa bracteata. 



Moss. Rosa centifolia, var. muscoaa. 



Mountain of the West Indies. Antigonon 

 leptopus. 



Prairie. Rosa setigera. 



Scotch. Rosa spinosissima. 



Seven Sisters. Rosa Grevillei. 



South Sea of Jamaica. Nerium Oleander. 



Sun. The genus Helianthemum. 



Sweet Brier. Rosa rubiginosa. 



Tea, or Tea-scented. A variety of Rosa In- 

 dica. 



' ' Vinegar, " of Germany. Pceonia officinalis. 



West Indian Mountain. Brownea Rosa. 



Wind. Papaver Rhceas and Rcemeria hybrida. 



Yellow Persian. Probably a seedling from 

 R. lutea. introduced from Persia by H. 

 Willock, in 1830. 



Y'^ork and Lancaster. Rosa versicolor, a vari- 

 ety of jR. Damascena. 

 Rose Acacia. See Robinia hispida. 

 Rose Apple. See Eugenia Jambos. 

 Rose Bay. See Rhododendron and Nerium. 

 Rose Campion. See Lychnis coronaria. 

 Rose Elder. See Viburnum Opulus. 



