AND GENEKAL HOKTICULTUHE. 



523 



I^ORESTRY, Etc. 



Table Showing the Number of Trees or 

 Plants that can be Planted on an Acre, at 

 the distances apart given : 



All CoNiFEK^ and Evekgreen Tree-Seeds 

 require to be kept in a cool, dry spot (prefera- 

 bly in dry sand) until the time of sowing. 

 Chestnuts, Walnuts and similar seeds should 

 be planted in the fall, or kept in moist 

 sand or moss, as they lose their germinating 

 power by too long exposure to the air. Apple, 

 Pear, Quince seeds, with Cherry and Peach 

 pits, also those with hard shells," like Magno- 

 lias, Locust, etc., should be placed in boxes of 

 sand and well frozen before being sown in 

 spring, to soften their hard outer coating, 

 otherwise they may not vegetate until the 

 second year after sowing. If this has been 

 overlooked, they may be soaked in hot water 

 for a few hours before planting. Osage orange 

 seeds invariably require this treatment. The 

 seeds of other deciduous trees and shrubs, 

 with few exceptions, may be planted dur- 

 ing the spring months with every chance of 

 success. 

 Fruit and Tree Seeds. In raising Fruit 

 or Tree seeds it is well to remember that 

 some varieties germinate very easily, while 

 others will lie dormant a whole season 

 before commencing to grow. The reason 

 for this depends generally on the man- 

 ner in which the seeds have been treated be- 

 fore sowing, though often seeds of a given 

 species gathered and sown at the same time 

 will show great irregularity in germinating, 



some of them coming up weeks or even 

 months before others. 



Number of Tree Seeds to the Pound. 



About. 



Ailantus 20,000 



Alder 100,000 



Ash, American White 10,000 



Ash, European ... 5,000 



Apple 12,000 



Arborvitee, American 30,000 



Arborvitee, Chinese 40,000 



Barberry 8,000 



Beech, European 1,000 



Birch, White 500,000 



Black or Yellow Locust 3,000 



Box Elder 15,000 



Catalpa Speciosa 20,000 



Teas' Japanese Hybrid 50,000 



Cedar, Red 8,000 



Cherry, Black 4,000 



Cherry, Pits 1,000 



Chestnut, Sweet 100 



Elm, American and European 50,000 



Fir, Balsam , . . 80,000 



Fir, Scotch 70,000 



Hawthorn 6,000 



Hemlock Spruce 100,000 



Hickory Nuts 50 



Honey Locust 2,500 



Hornbeam 10,000 



Kentucky Coffee Tree 200 



Larch 100,000 



Linden, European 5,000 



Maple, Mammoth 7,000 



Norway 7,000 



Soft 2,000 



Sugar 7,000 



Sycamore 6,000 



Mulberry, sorts 200,000 



Norway Spruce 70,000 



Osage Orange 10,000 



Papaw 400 



Peach 200 



Pear 15,000 



Pine, Austrian 25,000 



Quince 15,000 



Sweet Gum 20,000 



Tulip Tree 20,000 



Walnuts 25 



MASONKY, WELL DIGGHSTG JlKD LUMBER. 



Stone and Brick Work. One square foot of 

 8-in. wall requires 16 bricks; 12-in. wall, 24 

 bricks; 16-in. wall, 32 bricks; 18-in wall, 36 

 bricks. One perch of stone work is 24^ 

 cubic feet, or 16)^ square feet, 18 inches 

 thick. 



Cement and Mortar. One barrel of cement 

 and two barrels of sand will make mortar suf- 

 ficient for 600 to 700 bracks. One barrel of 

 cement to four of sand and gravel will make 

 nine square yards of concrete floor, three inches 

 thick. One barrel of lime with ten bushels of 

 sand will make mortar for 1,000 bricks. One 

 barrel of lime and ten bushels of sand will 

 make plaster for forty square yards of sur- 

 face ; half a bushel of long hair, or a half 

 more of short hair, will be required. One 

 hundred laths and 500 nails will cover four 

 and a half square yards. A square yard of 

 plastering requires three-fourths of a bushel. 

 A hod of mortar is half a bushel. 



On Determining the Size of Cisterns for Rain 

 Water. The size of cisterns should vary ac- 

 cording to their intended use. If they are to 

 furnish a daily supply of water they need not 

 be so large as for keeping supplies for sum- 

 mer only. The average depth of rain which 

 falls in this latitude rarely exceeds six to 

 seven inches for two months. The size of the 

 cistern, therefore, need not exceed that of a 

 body of water on the whole roof of the build • 

 ing seven inches deep. To ascertain this 

 amount multiply the length by the breadth of 

 the building, reduce this to inches, and divide 

 the product by 231, and the quotient will be 

 gallons for each inch of depth. Multiplying 

 by seven will give the full amount for two 

 months' rain falling upon the roof ; divide by 

 313^, the quotient will be barrels. Cisterns 

 intended only for drawing from in times of 

 drought should be about three times the 

 preceding capacity. 



