524 



HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS 



Contents of a Round Cistern in Gallons and 

 Number of Bricks required for each foot 

 in Depth: 



A circle encloses the largest space of any 

 figure for the same length of line. A circular 

 cistern is therefore tlie cheapest. The fol- 

 lowing table gives the differences of 

 Area of Square and Round Cisterns. 



SyUARK. 



L>iameter Length of Wall. Area of Surface. 



8 feet 32 feet. 64 square feet. 



10 " 40 " 100 " 



144 



Round. 



Diameter. Length of Wall. Area of Surface. 



lOfeet 3lijfeet. 78 'j square feet. 



12 " 37?i " 112 



15 " 47 " 117 



Twice the diameter of a circle or a square 

 gives four times the area in square feet ; twice 

 the diameter of a cube gives eight times the 

 solid contents in cubic feet ; half the diameter 

 gives one-fourtli of the area, or one eighth of 

 the cubic contents. 

 Well Digging. Quantity of earth exqavated 

 for each foot in depth of different diame- 

 ters: 3 ft., .261 cubic yard; 3 ft. 3 in., .307 

 cubic yard; 3 ft. 6 in., .356 cubic yard; 4 

 ft., .465 cubic yard; 4 ft. 6 in., .589 cubic 

 yard; and 5 ft.. .727 cubic yard. 

 "Weight of Timber. English oali weighs 50 

 lbs. to tiie cubic foot; American oai<, 47; 

 Baltic, 46 ; maliogany, Honduras, 40; and 

 Spanish, 55; larch, 35; ash, 50; birch, 48; 

 ]>eech, 51; elm, 39; jxjplar, 32; red pine, 40; 

 yellow pine, 33; Diiiizic lii', 35; and Memel 

 llr, 38 lbs. to the cubic foot. 



AVEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 



Table for Converting Sundry Weights and Measures 



Into the Metric System, and the reverse ; constructed on the basis of the tables published in the 

 Smithsonian Eeport for the year 18G5, prepared by Henry G. Hanks. 



The above table -will be found to meet all the requirements of the assayer and chemist. The following example will 

 explain its use : Suppose the capacity of a tank or cistern is found by measurement to be 82 cubic feet, and the number 

 of liters is required. Refer to table No. 2, and find that 8 cubic feet = 226.54 liters. Eighty cubic feet will be ten timea 

 as much. Therefore : 80 cubic fret = 2205.40 liters. 



2 cubic feet = 56.03 liters. 



82 cubic feet = 2322.03 liters. 



Metrical or Modern System : 



LINEAK MEASURE 



English. 

 or .039371 inches, 

 or .39371 

 or 3.9371 

 or 39.371 

 or 393.71 

 or 3937.1 



or 39371 " or 'a mile, 

 or 393710 " or 6^ mile .. 



The basis or unit of the system is the metre, 

 which is the ten-millionth part of the terres- 

 trial arc from the equator to the pole, and the 

 length of which in English measure is 1.0936 

 yards, or 3.2809 feet, or as above in inches. 

 By multiplying the metre respectively by 10, 

 100, 1,000 and 10,000, we obtain the deca, hecto, 

 kilo and myria metre respectively ; and by 

 dividing the metre by 10, 100 and 1,000, we ob- 

 tain the deci, centi andmilli metre respectively. 



superficiaij measure. 



English. 

 is equal to 155 square inches. 

 " 10.764 square feet. 



" 11.96 square yards. 



French. 

 A milliare 



A centare ... " 



A declare ... " 



An are, the unit of square measure, 



is equal to 1 square decametre, or 119.6 " 



A decare ... is equal to 1196 " 



A hectare ... " 2.472 square acres. 



SOLID MEASURE. 



English. 



French. 



A miUistere . . is equal to 

 A square metre . . " 



A centiare ... " 



A decistere . . • ' 



A stere, the unit of solid measure, is 



equal to 1 cubic metre, or 

 A decastere . . Is equal to 



A hectastere . . " 



A kilostere . . " 



01.028 cubic inches. 

 IJ square yards. 

 610.28 

 3.53170 cubic feet. 



35.317 

 13.08 cubic yards. 

 130.8 

 1308 •• 



