ROUGH-STALKED MEADOW GRASS. 67 
green leaves. They root at the joints and their ends finally bend 
upwards and produce normal leafy shoots, the development of which 
is quite similar to that of the corresponding shoots of Kentucky 
Blue Grass. All young shoots of Rough-stalked Meadow Grass are 
distinctly flattened, whereas those of Kentucky Blue Grass are 
round. The stems are from one to three feet high, leafy to above 
the middle, and generally rough immediately below the panicle— 
hence the name Rough-stalked Meadow Grass. The leaves are 
numerous, generally dark green, with mostly rough sheaths and long 
acute ligule. The panicle is similar to that of Kentucky Blue Grass, 
but is generally more spreading and dark green. 
Geographical distribution: Rough-stalked Meadow Grass is 
indigenous to the temperate regions of the Old World. It was 
introduced into North America. 
Habitat: It grows naturally in rich and wet meadows, along 
the borders of woods, roads and ditches, and in thickets, gardens and 
cultivated fields, from sea level to high up in the mountains. 
Cultural conditions: Rough-stalked Meadow Grass is es- 
pecially adapted to low-lying land where the soil is rich and the 
moisture abundant. 
Climate: It cannot stand drought as well as can Kentucky 
Blue Grass. This is partly due to the creeping shoots being over- 
ground and more exposed than are the underground runners of 
Kentucky Blue Grass. It recovers quickly after drought, however, 
and can be grown on irrigated land under favourable conditions. 
Habits of growth: It is much easier to start than is Kentucky 
Blue Grass. During the first year the plants produce creeping 
shoots, which root at the joints and develop into upright branches 
The growth being rapid, the ground quickly becomes covered. The 
second year the plants have reached full development and give the 
highest yield. 
Agricultural value: Rough-stalked Meadow Grass has its 
highest fodder value when in bloom and should be cut for hay at 
that stage. On wet land, however, it is advisable to cut it earlier 
because the stems easily rot at the base. It is a valuable addition 
to hay mixtures cut once a year. When more than one crop is 
required, it should be replaced by some other grass as its second 
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