88 PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY PASTURES 



strength of surrounding grasses. Mineral manures alone seem 

 to favour its development. 



For illustration, description, and chemical analysis, see 

 5s. Edition. 



CICHORIUM INTYBUS 



(^Chicory, or Succory). 



This perennial grows wild in dry wastes, on roadsides, and 

 the borders of fields in many parts of England. When in 

 bloom its bright blue flowers are very conspicuous. The plant 

 is cultivated to a considerable extent on the Continent, and 

 the blanched leaves have been used from time immemorial for 

 salads. Chicory will flourish on nearly every class of soil, and 

 has been proved to be profitable upon poor sands as well as 

 on richer and more productive land. Associated with Burnet 

 and mixed grasses and clovers, seed may be sown to produce 

 pasturage for sheep and cattle. The radical leaves, which 

 shoot up close to the ground, are continually cropped by stock, 

 and afford excellent fodder. 



MEDICAGO SATIVA 

 (Lucerne). 



The common name of this plant is generally supposed to 

 be derived from the canton or town of Lucerne, in Switzerland. 

 But Dr. Stebler controverts this opinion, although he is at a 

 loss to account for the appellation. Lucerne was known to the 

 ancient Greeks and Romans as a forage plant. It is mentioned 

 by Virgil, and at the beginning of the Christian era by several 

 agricultural writers. In Persia and other Eastern countries 

 the plant is still used for horses. Throughout the American 

 continent it is known by the Spanish name of Alfalfa. 



Wet summers diminish the culture of Lucerne in 

 England, but dry seasons always restore it to favour, although 



