154 PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY PASTURES 



which is easily distinguished by its soUtary purple flowers and 

 the fetid odour of the leaves when bruised. Whenever this 

 plant is discovered it should be effectually destroyed. 



Fetid Mayweed, or Stinking Chamomile {Anthemls 



Cotula). — A white-flowered, annual, compositaceous plant, 

 having furrowed stems and finely-cut leaves covered with 

 minute resinous glands, secreting an acrid principle which 

 blisters the skin when the plant is handled. The fetid odour 

 differentiates this from other Mayweeds, such as the Common 

 Chamomile and the Corn Chamomile. The species is common 

 in rough pasture lands and leys, and should be kept under by 

 the repeated use of a sharp hoe. 



Foxglove {Digitalis purpui^ea). Tansy {Tcmacetum 

 vulgare), and Wormwood {Artemisia Absinthium) are well 

 known to be injurious plants, and should not be allowed to 

 exist within reach of cattle and sheep. 



Garlic, Crow {Allium vineale). — The green, fistulous, 

 onion-like leaves of this plant show conspicuously in pastures 

 and meadow land early in spring, while the grass is yet short, 

 and the tufts appear to be very tempting to milch cows, whose 

 milk is at once affected by its pungent, acrid properties. The 

 flowers, or rather the heads of bulbils, are thrown up in July, 

 and if allowed to mature they disperse and grow with great 

 rapidity. Persistent hand-pulling of the bulbous roots early in 

 the year is the only way of ridding pastures of Crow Garlic. 



Garlic = Mustard {Alliaria officinalis or Sisymbrium 

 Alliaria). — A rank annual cruciferous plant, which emits the 

 odour and tastes strongly of Garlic. It is common in hedge- 

 rows, and early in the spring its alluring bright green leaves are 

 often eaten by cows, when a very unpleasant flavour is im- 

 parted to milk and butter. The boundaries of pastures should 



