CONTENTS OF VOLUME SECOND. 



INTRODUCTION. 



Sources of a History of Plants, 



1 I The Language of Botanists, 



THE GENESIS OF PLANT-OFFSPRING. 



1. Asexual Eeproduction. 



Spores and Thallidia, 8 



Buds on Roots, ------ 25 



Buds on Stems, 28 



Buds on Leaves, ------ 37 



2. Reproduction by means of Fruits. 

 Definition and Classification of Fruits, 



46 



Fertilization and Fruit-formation in Crypto- 

 gams, - 49 



The Commencement of the Phanerogamic 



Fruit, 70 



Ovaries on a Conical Receptacle, - - 75 



Ovaries on a Flat or Excavated Receptacle, 76 



Stamens, 85 



Pollen, 95 



Protection of Pollen, ----- 104 



Dispersion of Pollen by the Wind, - - 129 



Dispersion of Pollen by Animals, - - 152 

 Allurements of Animals with a View to the 



Dispex'sion of Pollen, - - - - 167 



The Colours of Flowers as a means of At- 

 tracting Animals, - - - - 182 

 The Scent of Flowers as a means of Attract- 

 ing Animals, 198 



Opening of the Passage to the Interior of the 



Flower, 209 



Reception of Flower-seeking Animals at the 



Entrance to the Flower, - - - 221 

 Taking up of Pollen by Insects, - - - 243 



Deposition of Pollen, 276 



The Crossing of Flowers, - . . - 287 



Autogamy, 331 



Fertilization and Formation of Fruit in 



Phanerogams, - - - - - 401 



3. Change in Reproductive Methods. 



Fruits Replaced by Offshoots, - - - 452 

 Parthenogenesis, ... . . . 463 



Heteromorphism and Alternation of Genera- 

 tions, 469 



THE HISTORY OF SPECIES. 



1. The Nature of Species. 



Definition of Species, 486 



The Specific Constitution of Protoplasm, - 487 



2. Alteration in the Form of Species. 



Dependence of Plant Form on Soil and 



Climate, 495 



The Influence of Mutilation on the Form of 



Plants, 514 



Alteration of Form by Parasitic Fungi, - 518 

 Alteration of Form by Gall-producing Insects, 527 

 Genesis of New Forms as a Result of Crossing, 554 



3. The Origin of Species. 



The Genesis of New Species, ... 576 

 Derivation of Existing Species, - - - 595 

 Subdivisions of the Vegetable Kingdom, - 600 

 Classification of Plants proposed by the 



Editor, 616 



