934 



INDEX. 



Brugmansia Tipellii, on Cissus root, i. 202. 



Bruufels (1495-1534), i. 4. 



Brunuichia af ricana, pedicel and fruit, ii. 435. 



Brunoniacete, ii. 765. 



Bryacea3, general description, ii. 701. 



— seta, ii. 702. 



— sexual organs, ii. 702. 

 Bryonia, i. 698. 



— filament of stamen, ii. 88. 



— tendrils, i. 696. 



Bryonia dioica and Andrena florea, Ü. 20C. 



stamen, ii. 87, 90. 



Bryophyllura calicinum, epiphyllous buds, 



ii. 40, 41. 

 Bryophyta, ii. 617, 696. 



— compared with Pteridophyta, ii. 704. 



— of Braun, ii. 605. 

 Bryopsidaceae, description, ii. 645. 

 Bryopsis, ii. 645. 



— colonies, i. 585. 



— differentiation of thallus, ii. 619. 



— gemmation, ii. 575. 

 Bryum, ii. 480. 



Bryum alpinum, parthenogenesis, ii. 464. 



Bryum casspitosum, ii. 700. 



peristome, &c., ii. 15. 



reproductive organs, ii. 15. 



Bryum concinnatum, vegetative propaga- 

 tion, ii. 458. 



Bryum Duvalii, parthenogenesis, ii. 464. 



Bryum Reyeri, vegetative propagation, ii. 

 458. 



Buckbean. See Menyanthes trifoliata. 



Buckthorn, Sea. See Hippopha'e. 



Buddlia, and Sacred Fig-tree, i. 757. 



Budding, compared to parasitism of Loran- 

 thus on Oak, i. 215. 



— modus operandi, i. 214. 



— perpetuation of crossings by, ii. 556. 

 Bud-gaU, nature of, ii. 542. 



on Thymus Serpyllum, ii. 531. 



Bud-like offshoots, replacing flowers and 



fruits, ii. 460. 

 Buds, adventitious, development of, ii. 26. 

 of Mistletoe cortical roots, i. 209. 



— and cold, i. 552. 



— axillary, distribution, &c., ii. 29. 



— cauline, ii. 28. 



— considered as brood-bodies, ii. 6. 



— dormant, longevity, ii. 36. 



— due to wounds, ii. 29. 



— epiphyllous, ii. 37. 

 -- extra-axillary, ii. 28. 



- first, of Orobanehe, i. 184. 



- hibernating, in Aldrovandia, i. 152. 

 -- importance of situation, i. 596. 



— modes of breaking through sou. i. 639. 



— of Langsdorflia, i. 186. 



— of Rafflesiacese, development, i. 200. 



- on Fern fronds, ü. 39. 



— on floral-leaves, ii. 44. 



— on foliage-leaves, ii. 41. 



— on roots, i. 766. 



— on scale-leaves, ii. 44. 



— position of unfolding leaves, i. 538. 



— radical, ii. 27. 



— respiration, i. 494. 



— resting of, i. 563. 



— structure, i. 591. 



— subterranean, i. 651. 

 of Bartsia, i. 137, 139. 



— winter, of Utricularia;, i, 120. 

 Bud-scales, stipular, i. 637. 



— structure and function, i. 623. 

 Bugwort. See Cimicifuga foetida. 

 Building materials of plants, i. 456 

 Bulb, application of term, i. 650. 



— propagation of hybrids by, ii. 556. 



— protective scales, i. 653. 



— resting, of desert perennials, i. 556. 



— scale-leaves, i. 624. 



Bulbs, dispersed by root-shortening, ii. 831. 

 Bulbil, nature of, i. 591. 



— of Poa alpina, &c., mode of formation, ii. 



454. 



— of Psilotum, ii. 715. 



— replacing flowers and fruits, ü. 445, 461. 



Bulbochsete, structure, ii. 651. 

 Bulbocha3te parvula, home of, i. 105. 

 Bulbocodium, flower, ii. 729. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 125. 

 Bulbus, application of term, i. 624. 

 Bulgaria inquinans, habit and habitat, ii. 682. 

 Bulgaria polymorpha, habitat, i. 118. 

 Bullace. See Prunus insititia. 



Bulrush, Lesser. See Typha. 

 Bundle-slieath, i. 471. 

 Buuium, germination, i. 622. 

 Buphthalmum, flowers, sorts of, ii. 296. 



— geitonogamy, ii. 322. 

 Buphthalmum grandiflorum, poUen-grains, 



ii. 99. 

 Bupleurum, coloured bracts, ii. 183. 

 Bupleurum falcatum, venation, i. 632, 633. 

 Bupleurum verticale, position of leaves, i. 



337. 

 Burmanniace», ii. 738. 

 Burnet-moths and honey scent, ii. 207 

 Burnet Saxifrage. See PimpineUa. 

 "Burning" of plants, i. 539, 553, 556. 

 Bur-reed. See Sparganiuvi. 

 Bush-plants, i. 432. 

 Butcher's-broom. See Ruscus. 

 Butomacea;, ii. 739. 

 Butomus, anthocyanin, i. 520. 



— germination, i. 604. 



— integument of ovule, ii. 81. 



— no special arrangement for rain-water 



conduction, i. 98. 



— ovary, ii. 75. 



— protective isolation by water, ii. 234. 

 Butomus umbellatus, flower, enneandria, ii. 



289. 



hermaphrodite, ii. 296. 



ovule, &c., ii. 78. 



placentation, ii. 739. 



Butter-bur. See Petasites. 

 Butterflies and pollination, ii. 156. 

 Butterfly Orchis. See Habenaria. 

 Butterwort. See Pinguinda. 

 Buttress-roots, i. 756. 

 Butyric acid, i. 463. 



fermentation, ii. 623. 



Buxbaumia aphyUa, simphcity of form, ii. 



704. 

 Buxus, honey, ii. 173. 



— pollination, ii. 138. 



— protogynous, ii. 313. 

 Byblis, i. 148. 



Byblis gigantea, carnivorous in minor de- 

 gree, i. 156. 



c. 



Cabbage. See Brassica oleracea. 

 Cabbage-white Butterfly. See Piei-is Bras- 

 sica:, ii. 672. 

 Cabomba aquatica, heterophyllous, i. 668 

 Cacalia, autogamy, ü. 363. 



— pollination, i. 740. 



Caccinia, cotyledon bristles, i. 623. 

 Caccinia strigosa, hooked fruit, ii. 871. 

 Cachrj'S, seed protection, ii. 450. 

 Cachrys alpina, rolling fruits, ii. 849. 

 Cachrys spinosa, "thistle-leaves", i. 438. 

 Cactaceje, calcium oxalate crystals, i. 570. 



— course of pollen-tubes, ii. 410. 



— cross-fertilization in, ii. 301. 



— on trees, i. 106. 



— ovary, ii. 77. 



— protogyny in, ii. 310. 



— spines, i. 446. 

 Cactales, ii. 786. 



Cacti, geographical distribution, i. 327, 330. 



— propagation of hybrids, ii. 556. 



— size of flowers, ii. 185. 

 Cactiform plants, thick cuticle, i. 309. 



— stem, i. 712. 

 Cactus, nectary, ü. 174. 



— perianth-leaves, i. 641. 

 Cadia varia, flower, ii. 779. 

 Ciesalpinese, from chalk, ii. 613. 



— scarlet-flowered genera, ii. 196. 



Caladium, i. 94 



Calamagrostis, boring runners, i. 516. 



— hybrids in, ii. 583. 



— pollination, ii. 142. 



Calamagrostis Epigeios, seed-dispersal, ii. 



858. 

 Calamagrostis HaUeriana, arched leaf, i. 429. 

 Calamari^e, fossil Equisetales, i. 636; ii. 713. 

 Calauiintha, anther, ii. 90. 



— distribution of sexes, ii. 298. 



— hybrids, ii. 585. 



— seed protection, Ü. 446. 

 Calamus, ii. 741. 



Calamus angustifolius, vessels, i. 362. 



Calamus extensus, shoot apex and inflor- 

 escence, i. 676. 



Calandriuia, allurement by petals, ii. 171. 



Calandrinia compressa, autogamy, ii. 346, 391. 



opening and closing, ii. 212. 



stamen, ii. 91. 



Calcareous crust of hydrophytes preserved, 

 i. 261. 



Calcareous Floridese, fossU remains, ii. 614. 



Calcareous strata, formation by plants, i. 261. 



Calceolaria, hybridization and flower colours, 

 ii. 568. 



— nectary, &c., ii. 228. 



— sheltering of pollen, ii. 110. 

 Calceolaria aniplexicaulis, &c., nectary, ii.l78. 

 Calceolaria Pavonii, flower and autogamy, 



ii. 380. 



stamen, ii. 91. 



Calceolarise, pollen sprinkling in, ii. 274. 

 Calcification of hairs, i. 441. 

 Calcite, crystalline forms, ii. 493. 

 Calcium, how introduced, i. 67. 



— in ash of plants, i. 66. 



— replacement by magnesium, i. 70. 



— salts, i. 274. 



Calcium carbonate, conversion into bicar- 

 bonate, i. 257. 



crystal forms, ii. 493. 



protective incrustation over absorption- 

 cells in Saxifraga Aizoon, i. 234. 



Calcium chloride, in salt incrustations of 

 leaves, i. 23Ö. 



seed desiccation by, i. 554. 



Calcium nitrate, liberation of nitric acid, i. 

 458. 



Calcium oxalate, crystals in plants, i. 570 



excess thrown off with leaf, i. 358. 



formation of, i. 67. 



in autumn leaves, i. 485. 



Calcium sulphate, as food-salt, i. 67. 



source of sulphur, i. 458. 



Calendula, distribution of sexes, ii. 297. 



— geitonogamy, ii. 321. 



— imperfect flowers, ii. 295. 



— opening of flowers and growth, ii. 220. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 115. 

 Calendula arvensis, &c., resistance to cold, 



ii. 489. 

 Calendula officinalis, dichogamy, ii. 312. 

 Calendula pluvialis, anthocyanin in florets, 



ii. 220. 

 Califomian Mammoth Tree. See Sequoia 



gigantea, ii. 725. 

 CaUa palustris, i. 708. 



creeping stem, i. 662 ; ii. 745. 



dehiscence of pollen-sacs, ii. 92. 



geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



hermaphrodite and staminate flowers, 



ii. 297. 



stamen, ii. 91. 



Calliandra, pollen-chambers, ii. 90. 

 Callidina symbiotica, on Frullania, i. 255; ii. 



698. 

 Calliphora and indoloid scents, ii. 207. 

 Callistemon, coloured stamen-filaments, ii. 



183. 



— inflorescence, i. 738. 



— unprotected pollen, ii. 107. 

 Callitriche, fruit, and section, ii. 427. 



— leaf rosettes, i. 412. 



- leaves and light, ii. 505. 



— nut, ii. 429. 



— pollen dispersion, ii. 105. 



