INDEX. 



941 



Coryclalis lutea, flower, ii. 226. 



poUen-grains, ii. 98. 



Corydalis ocliroleuca, behaviour to own and 



foreign pollen, ii. 406. 

 Corylace», chalazogamic fertilization, ii. 412. 

 Corylus, cotyledons, i. 608. 



— cupule, ii. 434. 



— flowering, ii. 150. 



— monoecious, ii. 297. 



— phyllotaxis, i. 399. 



— pollen, ii. 85, 151. 



— pollen-storing and dispersion, ii. 94, 148. 



— pollination, ii. 133. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 119. 



— venation, i. 631. 



Corylus Avellana, flowers and fruit, ii. 147. 



thermal constants, i. 559. 



Corymb, i. 739. 

 Corynsea, affinities, i. 193. 



— description of, i. 193. 



— geographical distribution, i. 193. 

 Coryne pistiUaris, structure, i. 589. 

 Corypha umbraculifera, ii. 740. 

 inflorescence, i. 745. 



of Ceylon, i. 287, 289. 



Cosmarium polygonum, ii. 492, 655. 



Cosmarium tetraophthalmum, ii. 492, 655. 



Cosmic dust, i. 81. 



Cotton Thistle. See Onopordon. 



Cotton Tree. See Canavillesia tiiberculata. 



Cotton Tree, West Indian. See Eriodendron 



carihceum. 

 Cotyledon, i. 596, 608. 



— habitat and cylindrical leaves, i. 327. 

 Cotyledon, meaning of, i. 15. 



— of Onion, &c., i. 606. 



— of Rhizophora, i. 602. 



— of Sedges, &c., i. 604. 

 Cotyledons, absent in Cuscuta, i. 172. 



— absorbent cells, i. 600, 6Ul. 



— and nocturnal radiation, i. 530. 



— chlorophyll in, i. 376, 622. 



— general description, i. 598 et seq. 



— liberation of, i. 610, 611. 



— of Agrostemma Githago, &c., i. 610. 



— of Angiosperms, ii. 421. 



— of Trapa, &c., 1. 609. 



— of Welwitschia mirabilis, ii. 726. 



— protection in germinating, i. 613. 



— various, i. 599, 621. 

 Couch-grass. See Ai/ropyrum repens. 

 Coumarin, scent, ii. 200. 

 Covering-galls, ii. 530. 



nature of, i. 533. 



Covering hairs, i. 322, 319. 



Cow-berry. See Vacciniicm Vitis-Idcea. 



Cow-parsnip. See Heracleum. 



Cowslip. See Prinmda. 



Cow-tree. See Galactodendron utile. 



Cow-wheat. See Melampyrum. 



Crabs, protective algal covering, i. 77. 



Crack- willow. See Salix fragilis. 



Crambe cordifolia, flowering, i. 745. 



Crambe maritima, wound buds, ii. 29. 



Crambe tataria, heterogamy advantageous, 



ii. 578. 

 Cranberry. See Vaccinium Cri/coccus. 

 Craspedromous venation, i. 630. 

 Crassula, ii. 327. 

 Crassulacese, annual, formation of offshoots, 



Ü. 452. 



— heterostyly in, ii. 398. 



— movements of stamens, ii. 250. 



— nectaries, ii. 175. 



— sticky foliage in, ii. 236. 

 Crakegus, American species, i. 444. 



— radical shoots, ii. 27. 



— scent, ii. 200. 



trimethylamine, i. 462. 



Cratnigus coccinea, spines, i. 444. 



Crataegus Cms galli, &c., spines, i. 444. 



Crataegus monogyna, &c., and galls of Ceci- 

 domyia cratceiji, ii. 546. 



Crattegus Oxyacantha, flower-opening con- 

 stant, i. 559. 



possibility of transmitting gall - mite 



effects by grafting, ii. 554. 



Crataegus Oxyacantha, spines, i. 443. 

 Crateranthse, ii. 779. 

 Craterellus, ii. 688. 



— resembles Padina, i. 112. 

 Craterellus clavatus, ii. 21, 685. 

 Craterium minutum, sporangia, ii. 618. 

 sporangial form, ii. 490. 



Creation, considerations concerning, ii. 597. 



Creepers, not parasites, i. 159. 



^ protection against lateral pressure, i. 475. 



Creeping Avens. See Geum repta-ns. 



Crenate, i. 233. 



Crenothrix, ii. 622. 



Crenothrix KUhniana, storing of iron, ii. 624. 



Crepis, autogamy, ii. 372, 374. 



— geitonogamy, ii. 319. 



Crepis grandiflora, as insect shelter, ii. 163. 



autogamy, ii. 361. 



Crepis paludosa, ligulate florets, ii. 236. 

 Cre.sses and animals, i. 432. 

 Cretaceous flora, i. 636. 

 Crete, Thistles, i. 438. 

 Crinum, ii. 734. 



— buds on carpels, ii. 44. 



— ovular tubers or buds, ii. 469. 

 Crithmum maritimum, i. 327. 

 Crocus, autogamy, ii. 332. 



— cornis, depth in soil and growth, ii. 407. 



— protective rolling of leaves, i. 428. 



— rolled leaves, i. 348. 



— stomates, &c., i. 348. 



Crocus albiflorus, autogamy, ii. 332. 

 Crocus multitidus, protection of pollen, ii. 



112, 113. 

 Crocus sativus, duration of flowering, ii. 213. 



stigma, ii. 279, 282. 



Cronartium asclepiadeum, two hosts, ii. 615. 



Crops, rotation of, i. 75. 



Cross- and self-pollination, alternation of, ii. 



335. 

 Cross-fertilization, aimed at, i. 739. 



and inflorescence, i. 741. 



between neighbouring flowers, i. 740. 



change of position of anthers and 



stigmas, ii. 303. 



in Equisetacese, ii. 68. 



in Muscinei», ii. 65. 



nature, ii. 300. 



Crossing, and origin of species, ii. 599. 



— artificial, antiquity, ii. 555. 



— conditions of, ii. 404. 



— juxtaposition of parental characters in, ii. 



573. 



— perpetuation of results, ii. 555. 

 Crossogaster, and Ficus, ii. 162. 

 Cross-pollination, in crowded inflorescences, 



ii. 318. 

 Croton, flowers, ii. 293. 

 Croton, gray-haired species, in Brazil, &c., i. 



317. 

 Crowberry. See Empetnim. 

 Crow Garlic. See Allium vineale. 

 Crucianella, nectaries, ii. 177. 

 Crucianella latifoUa, pollen-grains, ii. 98, 99. 

 Crucianella stylosa, flowers and transference 

 of pollen, ii. 265, 267. 



geitonogamy, ii. 331. 



Persia, ii. 331. 



protandrous, ii. 311. 



Cruciferse, alkali-loving, i. 74. 



— annual, no wild hybrids, ii. 584. 



— anthocyanin, i. 520. 



— autogamy in, ii. 335, 339, 348. 



— bending of filaments and anthers, ii. 250. 



— cleistoganiy in, ii. 393. 



— colour-contrasts in inflorescences, ii. 192. 



— cuckoo-galls on, ii. 545. 



— dehiscence of pollen-sacs, ii. 93. 



— duration of blossom, ii. 214. 



— epiphyllous buds, ii. 43. 



— flowers after fertilization, ii. 286. 



— fruit, ii. 432. 



— fruit-protection in, ii. 442. 



— gall-mites and flower metamorphosis in, 



ii. 548. 



— green cotyledons, i. 622. 



— guides to honey, ii. 248. 



Cruciferfe, hairs, T-shaped, &c., i. 321, 323. 



— leaves, position and kinds, i. 409. 



— nectaries, ii. 174. 



— of Steppes, waxy bloom of leaves, i. 312. 



— oriental, flowering, i. 745. 



— ovary, ii. 75. 



— perennial, hybrids, ii. 584. 



— "Phi-ygian", i. 444 



— phyllotaxis of inflorescence, i. 402. 



— pollen, ii. 85, 100. 



— pollen deposition in, ii. 278. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 117, 121. 



— protogynous, ii. 310, 312. 



— scent of, ii. 202. 



— substratum, ii. 498. 



— tribes of, ii. 775. 



Crupina vulgaris, creeping fruits, ii. 843, 844. 

 Crust, of earth, preponderant constituents, 



i. 83. 

 Crustacea, as hosts for hydi"ophytes, i. 77. 



— on Mangrove roots, i. 756. 



— prey of Utriculariae, i. 122. 

 Crustaceous Lichens, ii. 694. 

 Crusts, calcareous. See Lime. 

 Cryoconite, snow-dust, i. 38, 262. 

 Ci-yptocephalus violaceus, sheltering in Com- 



positse, ii. 163. 

 Cryptogam, meaning of term, ii. 48. 

 Cryptogaraia, i. 6. 



— absence of blossom, ii. 72. 



— fertilization, ii. 49, 67. 



— fertilized under water, Ü. 71. 



— fruit-formation, ii. 49. 



— hybrids among, ii. 583. 



— new term for, ii. 9. 



— new world revealed, i. 14. 



— simplicity of sexual organs, ii. 70. 



— spores of, ii. 9. 



— Vascular, Palaeozoic remains, ii. 612. 

 Cryptomeria, winter colour, i. 485. 

 Cryptomeria japonica, ii. 725. 

 Cryptus and Listera, ii. 256. 

 Crystal-forms of calcium carbonate, ii. 493. 

 Crystal growth, i. 568. 



Crystalloids, of plants, i. 457. 

 Crystals, of plants, i. 457. 

 Ctenomyces serratus, habitat, i. 118. 

 Cuckoo-buds, ii. 544. 

 Cuckoo-flower. See Cardamine. 

 Cuckoo-gall, ii. 542, 544. 

 Cuckoo-pint. See Arum maculatiim. 

 Cuckoo-spit and Cicada, ii. 490, 544. 

 Cucubalus baccifer, weaving habit, i. 674. 

 Cucumis Melo, pollen-grains, ü. 97. 

 Cucurbita, i. 217. 

 Cucurbita maxima, fruit, ii. 452. 

 Ciicurbita Pepo, cotyledons, i. 622. 



germination, i. 611. 



germination constant, i. 558. 



poUen-grains, ii. 97, 98. 



size of flower, ii. 186. 



tendrils, i. 698. 



Cucurbitace», ii. 785. 



— anthers, ii. 90. 



— distribution of sexes, ii. 297. 



— fruits, dimensions of, ii. 452. 



— movements of cotyledons, i. 532. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 97, 100. 

 Cudweed. See Filago. 

 Culm, i. 710, 714. 



Cultural experiments, sources of error, i. 



513. 

 Culture solution, i. 100. 

 Cultures, artificial, i. 66. 

 Cuphea, autogamy, ii. 345. 



— liberation of cotyledons, i. 612. 



— nectary, ii. 177. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



Cuphea eminens, autogamy, ii. 346. 

 Cuphea mioropetala, flower, ii. 237. 

 flower structure and pollination, ii. 235. 



— — protection of honey, ii. 235. 



sticky bristles of calyx, ii. 237. 



Cuphea platycentra, pollen-grain, ii. 100. 

 Cup-moss. See Cladonia pyxidata. 

 Cupressineje, arrangement of scales, ii. 440. 



— cone characteristics, &c., ii. 725. 



