INDEX. 



973 



Kotiferie, resistance to cold, i. 542. 



— symbiosis witli Liverworts, i. 225. 

 Rotting, and Fungi, i. 508. 

 Rousseau, lectures on botany, i. 6. 

 Royal Fern. See Osinunda rertalis. 

 Rubia, stipules, i. 637. 

 Rubiacetie, ii. 763. 



Rubus, indumenta of hybrids, ii. 564. 



— innumerable hybrids, ii. 585. 



— many forms of, ii. 900. 



— nectary, ii. 174. 



— prickles, i. 676. 



— weaving-stem, i. 672. 



Rubus bifrons, rooting branches, i. 769. ' 



Rubus Chamsemorus, water-receptacles, i. 

 239. 



Rubus fruticosus, protective function of air- 

 containing hairs, i. 314. 



Rubus Idseus, aggregate fruit, ii. 436. 



autogamy, ii. 390. 



flower, ii. 78. 



— — phyllotasis, i. 400. 



radical shoots, ii. 27. 



recurrent opening, ii. 213. 



two-coloured leaves and habitat, i. 293. 



Rubus squarrosus, branches, i. 677. 

 Rudbeckia fulgens, colour-contrast in capitu- 



lum, ii. 191. 

 Rumex, antliocyanin, i. 484. 

 — dichogamy, ii. 135. 



— geitonogamy, ii. 328. 



— venation, i. 630. 



Rumex AcetoseUa, radical buds, ii. 28. 

 Eumex alpinus, distribution of sexes, ii. 298. 



— — imperfect flower, ii. 295. 



pollen dispersion, ii. 143. 



protogyny, ii. 312. 



Rumex nemorosus and R. obtusifolius, dicho- 

 gamy and hybridization, ii. 315. 



distribution of sexes, ii. 298. 



imperfect flowers, ii. 295. 



Rumex nepalensis, hooked fruit, ii. 873. 

 Rumex Patientia, probable hybrid, ii. 592. 

 Rumex scutatus, antholysis, ii. 83. 



pollen dispersion, ii. 143. 



Rumex tuberosus, roots, i. 760. 

 Runner, adventitious roots, i. 751. 



— dimensions of, ii. 797. 



— nature of, i. 663. 



— production of offshoots by, ii. 802. 

 Ruppia, root origin, i. 766. 

 Ruscus, buds on cladodes, ii. 37. 

 Ruscus aculeatus, cladodes, 1. 332. 

 shoot, i. 333. 



spinosity, i. 434. 



Ruscus Hypoglossum, cladodes, i. 333. 

 Rushes, in Alps, anthocyanin, i. 522. 

 Russelia, scarlet flowers, ii. 196. 

 Russia, Southern, lowlands of, hairiness of 



plants, i. 318. 

 Russula, laticiferous, i. 491 ; ii. 689. 

 Rust. See Uredinece. 

 Rust-fungus, teleutospores, ii. 24. 

 Euta, capsule, ii. 431. 



— cross-fertilization, ii. 306. 



— pollen-grain, ii. 100. 



Ruta graveolens, flower, ii. 306. 



scent, ii. 202. 



seed and embryo, ii. 422. 



Rutaoeje, honey protection in, ii. 241. 



— of steppes, waxy bloom of leaves, i. 312. 



s. 



Saas-Fee, and Uromyces Pisi, ii. 525. 

 Saccharomyces, development and ferment 



action, i. 506. 

 Saccharomyces cerevisije, ii. 681. 



life-cycle, ii. 683. 



Saccharomyces eUipsoideus, fermentative 



activity, ii. 684. 

 Saccharum oflicinarum, mechanical tissue 



arrangement, i. 731. 

 Sachs's table of Thallophyte classification, 



ii. 606. 

 Sagiua Linnsei, nectaries, ii. 176. 



Sagina saxatilis, autogamy, ii. 338, 339. 

 Sagittaria, monoecious, il. 297. 



— protective isolation by water, ii. 234. 

 Sagittaria sagittifolia, leaf and habitat, ii. 502. 

 Sainfoin. See Onohrtichis. 



Salicineai, porogamic fertilization, ii. 413. 

 Saliva, action on granulöse and cellulose, i. 



460. 

 Salix, and galls of Nematus gallarum, ii. 537. 



— colour of anthers, ii. 183. 



— dates of flowering of hybrids and their 



parents, ii. 574. 



— deciduous bud-scales, 1. 626. 



— galls, ii. 531, 533, 546, 552. 



— habitat in relation to water-coUecting 



habit, i. 240. 



— hybrids, ii. 583. 



— insect pollination, ii. 583. 



— mechanical tissue arrangement, i. 729. 



— phyllotaxis, i. 399. 



— pollarding, ii. 37. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



— porogamic fertilization, ii. 413. 



— protogyny, ii. 313. 



— roots, i. 752. 



— ternary hybrids, ii. 560. 



— water-pore of nectary, ii. 172. 



Salix alba, and bud-galls produced by mites, 



ii. 547. 

 Salix amygdalina, S. purpurea, S. pniinosa, 



protective layer of wax on leaves, i. 291. 

 Salix aurita, normal and sucker leaves, 11. 516. 

 Salix caprea, foliaceous ovule, ii. 83. 



hairs, ii. 565. 



phyllotaxis, i. 408. 



— — scent, ii. 202. 



Salix daphnoides, scent, ii. 202. 



Salix fragilis, inflorescences, ii. 299. 



water-absorption,from atmosphere, i. 238. 



Salix grandifolia, and galls of Cecidoniyia 

 rosaria, ii. 546. 



and galls of HormomyiaCaprese, ii. 538. 



effect of branch mutilation, ii. 516. 



Salix incana, gall of Nematus pedunculi, ii. 

 531. 



Salix Myrsinites, plumed seeds, ii. 857. 



Salix polaris, seeds escaping, ii. 424. 



Salix pruinosa, wax-like bloom, i. 462 ; ii. 237. 



Salix purpurea, and galls of Cecidomyia 

 rosaria, ii. 547. 



and galls of Nematus vesicator, ii. 533. 



dichogamy and hybridization, ii. 314. 



experiment with partially stripped 



branch, i. 480. 



Salixrepens,staminal change of colour, ii.191. 



Salix reticulata, leaf, section, i. 301. 



Salix rubra, hybrid, hairs of, ii. 565. 



Salix viminalis, dichogamy and hybridiza- 

 tion, ii. 314. 



hairs, ii. 565. 



Salsify. See Trar/ojjogon. 



Salsola, dichogamy, ii. 135. 



Salt, incrustations, of leaves and stems, mode 

 of retention, i. 237. 



— in sap of succidents, i. 329. 

 Saltness of water, and blueness, i. 389. 

 Salvia, direction of flowers, ii. 225. 



— hairiness, i. 317. 



— hybrids, ii. 585. 



— pericarp mucilage, i. 615. 



Salvia argentea, absorption-cells of hairs, i. 

 227. 



Salvia betonicifolia, hybrid, ii. 585. 



Salvia cardinalis, red flower, ii. 196. 



Salvia cleistogama, flowers, ii. 394. 



Salvia glutinosa, flower and pollen trans- 

 ference, ii. 262. 



pollen-grains, ii. 98. 



rocking connective, ii. 262. 



sticky calyx, ii. 870. 



Salvia officinalis, hammer-apparatus, ii. 263. 



Salvia pratensis, hammer-apparatus, ii. 263. 



Salvia splendens, coloured bracts, ii. 183. 



Salvia sylvestris, hybrid, peculiarity of foli- 

 age, ii. 576. 



Salvia Verbenaoa, the Wild Clary, petiole 

 section, i. 22. 



Salvia verticillata, seed-disjjersal, ii. 841. 

 Salvia viridis, alluring bracts, ii. 188. 

 Salvinia, protection of sporangia, ii. 13. 



— sex\ial reproductive organs, ii. 69. 



— swimming habit, i. 669. 



Salvinia natans, submerged leaves, i. 766. 

 Salvinia officinalis, stamen, ii. 87- 

 Salviniacefe, description, ii. 710. 

 Samara, nature of, ii. 430. 

 Sambucus Ebulus, scent, ii. 201. 

 Sambucus nigra, dates of flowering, i. 519. 



drupe, ii. 428. 



evergreen at Poti, i. 358. 



reserve-buds, ii. 32. 



scent, ii. 202. 



Sambucus racemosa, anthocyanin, i. 484, 



geitonogamy, il. 326. 



scent, ii. 200. 



Sand, and preservation of fossil plants, ii. 612. 

 Sanguinaria Canadensia, latex, i. 470. 



stamen, ii. 87- 



Sanguisorba alpina, pollen discharge, ii. 145. 

 Sanicula Europsea, winter protection, i. 550. 

 Santalacese, ii. 754. 



— many parasitic, i. 176. 



Sap, ascent of, theoretical considerations, i. 

 270. 



— exudation in roses, maples, birches, rela- 



tive volume, i. 272. 



— raw, or crude, factors determining desti- 



nation, i. 274. 

 Saponaria ocymoides, distribution of sexes, 

 ii. 300. 



elevation and coloration, ii. 511. 



Saponaria Vaccaria, duration of flowering, 



ii. 213. 

 Saponaria viscosa, carnivorous in minor 



degree, i. 156. 

 Saponin, in roots of Saponaria, i. 763. 

 Sapotacese, ii. 768. 

 Saprolegnia, ii. 671. 



— offshoots, ii. 802. 



Saprolegnia ferax, parasitic on salmon, ii. 671. 



— parthenogenesis in, ii. 464. 



— selection of host, i. 171. 

 Saprolegniacese, asexual and sexual repro- 

 duction, ii. 480. 



— characters, ii. 670. 



— on floating dead bodies, i. 105. 

 Saprophytes, absorption of carbon dioxide, 



i. 63. 



— absorption roots, i. 115. 



— fastidiousness of, i. 118. 



— favourable conditions for, i. 102. 



— fossil remains, ii. 614. 



— green, absorption of carbon, i. 103. 



— in humus of meadows, i. 112. 



— in water, i. 104. 



— non-green, absorption of organic com- 



pounds, i. 103. 



— not sharply marked off from non-sapro- 



phytes, i. 104. 



— nutrition, i. 466. 



— relation to decaying bodies, i. 99. 



— substratum, ii. 499. 



Saprophytic Bacteria, effect on substratum, 



ii. 623. 

 Saprophytism, means of determining, i. 100. 

 Sarcanthus rostratus, aerial roots, i. 753. 



strap-shaped adherent roots, i. 107. 



Sarcina ventriculi, ii. 624. 



Sarcophaga carnaria and flower-colour, ii. 



197. 

 Sarcophytaoese, ii. 762. 

 Sarcophyte sanguinea, Cape, i. 195. 



description, i. 196. 



flowering axis, flowers, &c,, i. 198. 



Sargasso Sea, area, &c., ii. 665. 

 Sargassum, host for other Algae, i. 160. 

 Sargassum bacciferum, in Atlantic, ii. 665. 

 Sarothamnus, explosive flowers, ii. 267. 

 Sarothamnus scoparius. See Spartium sco- 



pariiim. 

 Sarracenia, heteromorphic leaves, i. 130. 



— storage of pollen, ii. 94. 



Sarracenia Drumraondii, honey, &c., i. 130. 

 pitchers and leaves, i. 130. 



